The Move North Lesson starter. Give at least 4 reasons why many Americans want an end to immigration by the 20th century?

Today we will… Understand why many Black Americans chose to move to Northern cities Understand the problems they faced in The North

Background… Black Americans were concentrated in the Southern states Owners of large cotton plantations had bought slaves to pick cotton Slavery was widely accepted in the South The Northern states had more modern attitudes; they believed slavery was wrong This division was the cause of the American Civil War in the 19th century

When WWI broke out in 1914, factories in the North desperately needed workers Black Americans were encouraged to go north now that European immigration was restricted They jumped at the chance

Why leave the South? Black people could be beaten and killed by whites Blacks were 2nd class citizens Blacks paid less than whites Blacks faced discrimination on a daily basis

Why go north? Push factors Pull factors Segregation (Jim Crow laws) Violence from the KKK Low paid jobs Sharecropping (landowners would allow black Americans to farm on an area of their land in exchange for a share of the crops at the end of the year) No voting rights More jobs (steel industry during WWI) Promises of more civil rights Some employers paid travel expenses Newspapers (e.g. Chicago Defender) advertised train schedules Promises of better housing and access to education

Problems Black Americans faced in the North Still faced racism regularly Any whites thought they were above Black Americans Segregated into black communities Forced into poor ghetto housing So…things were better in the North BUT by no means perfect

The Tulsa Riot Read page 25 of the Free at Last? Textbook Create a mind map or spider diagram on the Tulsa Riots of 1921