SWARMING & ITS PREVENTION

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Presentation transcript:

SWARMING & ITS PREVENTION HCBA Beginners Beekeeping Course MARCH 19, 2019

SWARMS: WHAT’S THE PROBLEM? Why Should I Care? Loss of work force Hive may not recover May irritate the neighbors

WHAT IS A SWARM Swarming is how honey bees increase the number of colonies in the environment One Colony – Two Colonies Healthy colonies will swarm every year if not managed

REASONS FOR SWARMING CROWDING (Congestion in the Brood Nest) Lack of space for Queen to lay eggs Honey Bound or Pollen Bound Population Balance (Brood to Adult Bees) Not enough Queen Pheromone or Substance Poor Quality Comb (Old or Damaged) Weather; Rainy, Cool Genetics

BIG SWARM

LITTLE SWARM

BAD SWARM

WHAT TO LOOK FOR Fast population buildup Drone Cells Construction of Queen Cups Queen Cups Charged Queen/Swarm Cells Capped Queen is “Skinny” Fewer Eggs Being Laid Queen Preparing to Fly

DRONE CELLS

QUEEN CUPS

QUEEN CUPS CHARGED

SWARM CELLS CAPPED

GOOD WEATHER First Nice Warm, Calm Day After Buildup After Cool or Wet Weather

SWARM PREVENTION Space for Queen to lay. Good Empty Comb (Minimum stores) Additional Brood Chamber Reversing Space for Nectar (Early Nectar Flow) Add a Honey Super (Not Foundation) Maximum Sunlight Ventilation Young Queen (Good Genetics) Should have been done in the fall

MAYBE THAT WORKED Now what?

SWARM CONTROL Destroy Queen Cells Every 10-12 Days Rearrange Brood Nest to Encourage Queen to Lay Add More Comb, Reverse, etc. Queen Removal (Continue to Destroy Queen Cells) Remove or Cage Queen Return or Release Queen after 10-12 Days Break in Brood Cycle Brood Removal (Continue to Destroy Queen Cells) Remove Frames of Capped Brood to Reduce Population Replace with Comb (Ideally) Make a Nuc (leave a few queen cells) or Add to Weak Colonies Splits or Divisions Make one Colony into two

SWARM CONTROL, Cont. Brood Separation (Continue to Destroy Queen Cells) Queen and some brood in bottom box Add Empty Super & Double Screen (Snelgrove Double Screen, L.E. Snelgrove, England) Rest of Brood above Double Screen Rearrange frames top to bottom after 7-10 days Open and Close Openings as needed Continue Until Queen Cell Building Stops Queen/Brood Separation (Continue to Destroy Queen Cells) Demaree Method (George Demaree, 1892) Add Queen Excluder, Two Supers, Rest of Brood in Top Box Rearrange Frames Top to Bottom every 7-10 Days Shook Swarming (Destroy Queen Cells) Cage Queen Shake all of the bees on the ground in front of the hive First Box Frames of Foundation & Queen Add Queen Excluder Add two Honey Supers Add Top Box with Remaining Frames of Brood

QUESTIONS?

THANK YOU Jim Fraser EAS Master Beekeeper marylandhoneycompany2011@gmail.com