Bell Ringer QUESTION #69 QUESTION #70 QUESTION #71 QUESTION #72 Answer the following questions in the EOC Practice Packet in the back of your INB: QUESTION #69 QUESTION #70 QUESTION #71 QUESTION #72

Question 69 Senator Lodge made this statement in opposition to— a. U.S. membership in the League of Nations b. the funding of a massive buildup of the U.S. Navy c. a relaxation of U.S. citizenship requirements d. U.S. entry into the Spanish-American War The United States is the world’s best hope, but … if you tangle her in the intrigues of Europe, you will destroy her power for good, and endanger her very existence …. -Senator Henry Cabot Lodge

Question 70 In 1919, isolationists in the Senate opposed U.S. membership in the League of Nations because they— a. feared a creation of the Security Council b. resisted colonialism in Africa and Asia c. opposed membership in the League of Nations by Germany d. did not want involvement in future foreign wars

Question 71 The major purpose of President Wilson’s Fourteen Points (1918) was to— a. persuade Congress to enter World War I b. set goals for achieving peace after World War I c. provide aid for rebuilding war-ton nations d. punish Germany for the sinking of the Lusitania

Question 72 Which document imposed these punishments on Germany after World War I? a. Roosevelt’s Big Stick Policy b. Fourteen Points c. Open Door Policy d. Treaty of Versailles

Adjusting to Peace Essential Question: How did Americans adjust to peace after World War I?

TEKS and Objectives We will… I will…

Post-War America Isolationism Americans disillusioned with the war Returned to original policy Refused to become involved in other nations’ disputes or problems

Post-War America Temporary Recession Economic downturn from 1919- 1921 Government stopped wartime spending Factories converted from military to civilian production Farmers lost markets in Europe

Political Instability Russian Revolution Tsar overthrown Government replaced by communist dictatorship Spread of Communism Threats of communist revolutions in Europe Wave of communist strikes hit the U.S. in 1919

Political Instability Red Scare Fear that communists would start a revolution in the U.S. Anti-communist hysteria

Palmer Raids Mitchell Palmer U.S. Attorney General Italian anarchist set off a bomb outside his home Judges, politicians, and law enforcement officials attacked too Palmer convinced it was a plot to overthrow the government

Palmer Raids J. Edgar Hoover Assistant Attorney General Directed raids of 4,000 suspects without warrants Most release, 600 deported

The Sacco and Vanzetti Case Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti Italian immigrants Convicted of committing murder during a robbery to fund anarchist revolution Convicted and executed with insufficient evidence

Rise of Nativism and Racism Dislike of foreigners Belief white Protestant Americans were superior Ku Klux Klan Revived in 1915 Hostile to immigrants, Catholics, Jews, and African Americans

Rise of Nativism and Racism Race Riots Broke out in many American cities 38 people killed in Chicago Southern States Lynchings and segregation continued

Post-War Politics Republican Policies Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act (1930) Supported laissez-faire economics Minimal government interference in business Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act (1930) Protected U.S. manufacturers by keeping out foreign-made goods Highest tariffs in history

Post-War Politics Lower Taxes on Wealthy & Corporations Taxes slashed for rich Tax burden shifted to the average wage earner Lax Enforcement of Antitrust Laws and Regulations Many large business mergers too place Presidents looked the other way

Three Republican Presidents

Warren G. Harding “Return to Normalcy” 1920 campaign slogan America should return to isolationism Focus on peacetime production and prosperity at home

Warren G. Harding Foreign Policy Domestic Policy Refused to join League of Nations, enacted high tariffs, and restricted immigration Domestic Policy Lowered taxes on rich Supported anti-lynching bill Resisted anti-Semitism Pursued arms reduction

Warren G. Harding Weaknesses Teapot Dome Scandal Appointed personal friends (Ohio Gang) who turned out to be dishonest Teapot Dome Scandal Secretary of the Interior leased oil-rich government lands to friends in exchange for bribes

Warren G. Harding Other Scandals Charles Forbes stole millions from the construction of veterans hospitals Scandals stained Harding’s reputation

Calvin Coolidge Harding’s Vice President Harding died suddenly in 1923 Elected for another term in 1924 “The Business of America is Business” President’s motto Continued Harding’s pro- business policies

Calvin Coolidge “Silent Cal” Rarely spoke in public Had a talent for doing nothing Credited with economic boom of 1920s Some blame him for the subsequent crash in 1929

Herbert hoover Experienced Politician Skilled engineer and self-made millionaire Distributed relief aid to Belgian children during WWI Oversaw U.S food production during the war Served as Secretary of Commerce under Coolidge

Herbert Hoover “Rugged Individualism” Americans with equal opportunities, free education, and will to succeed with prosper Foundation of America’s “unparalleled greatness” Hoover believed too much government would smother initiative and hard work