Energy Transformations, Food Chains, and food webs

Photosynthesis Photosynthesis Equation (Use Chemical Formulas): Radiant Energy Oxygen Carbon Dioxide Glucose Water Photosynthesis Equation (Use Chemical Formulas): ______+_______ + -------------- ______________+_______ Sunlight 6 CO2 6 H2O C6H12O6 6 O2

Key Terms Producers Autotrophs Consumers Heterotrophs _________________ have the ability to make their own food (also called ______________). _________________ rely on other organisms for their energy (also called _______________). _________ ________ are the first to eat another organism in the food chain. _________ ________ are the second to eat another organism in the food chain. _________ ________ are the third to eat another organism in the food chain. _________ ________ are the fourth to eat another organism in the food chain. Autotrophs Consumers Heterotrophs Primary Consumers Secondary Consumers Tertiary Consumers Quatrinary Consumers

Key Terms Herbivores _________________ can only obtain their energy they need to live from plants. _________________ can only obtain their energy they need to live from other animals. ________________ can obtain their energy they need to live from plants OR animals. ________________ obtain the energy they need to live from dead organisms. _________________ obtain the energy they need to live by breaking down waste and the last remains of dead organisms (after the scavengers). Who is the first to use the energy recycled by the decomposers? _______ Carnivores Omnivores Scavengers Decomposers Producers

Energy Pyramid 10% How much energy is passed from one tropic level to the next? _______ What is this rule called? ________ What happens to the other 90%? ____________________________ ________________________ Why are their fewer organisms as we work our way up the pyramid? __________________________ _________________________. What is a tropic level? Where would the decomposer be? __________________ 10% Rule It is used by the organism to live and most is lost in the form of heat Because the lower levels determine the amount of food available to the next higher level It is the tern used to describe the levels of an energy pyramid At all levels breaking down dead organisms

Food Chains Name 1 Primary Consumer________________ Rabbit; Mouse; Grass Hopper Name 1 Primary Consumer________________ Name 1 Secondary Consumer __________________ What do the arrows show?______________________ What happens if: The rabbits over-populate? _____________________________ The snakes contract a disease that kills of 75% of their population? _________________________________ The owls are over-hunted? ___________________________ Owl, Fox, Frog The direction of the flow of energy Carrots decrease and foxes increase Frogs over populate and hawks decrease Mice overpopulate and corn decreases

Food Webs Name 2 Secondary Consumers:____________ & __________ Wild Cat Snake Name 2 Secondary Consumers:____________ & __________ Name 2 Tertiary Consumers: ___________ & ___________ What happens if: The rabbits over-populate? _________________________ The snakes contract a disease that kills of 75% of their population? ________________________________ The owls are over-hunted? ____________________________ The goats over-graze the plants? _________________________ Lion Kite Plants & mice decrease; Jackal & Wild cat increase Mice increase; Kites Decrease Mice Increase; Rabbits increase; etc… Rabbits decrease; mice decrease

Composting What is composting? _____________________ _______________________________________ What CAN go into a compost bin? ___________ ________________________________________ What can NOT go into a compost bin?________ A lot of the energy in compost bins are lost to: _______________ nature's process of recycling decomposed organic materials into a rich soil Plant material, paper, worms, grass clippings, tree twigs and limbs Bread, butter, dairy products, plastics, metals, Styrofoam HEAT!!!!!