Serum 25(OH)D levels stratified by the presence or absence of nephropathy. Serum 25(OH)D levels stratified by the presence or absence of nephropathy. The presence of nephropathy was defined as abnormal albuminuria (urinary albumin excretion rate >30 mg/day) and/or e-GFRMDRD <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Data are adjusted for age and reported as means±SD. 25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D; e-GFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; MDRD, Modification of Diet in Renal Disease. Giacomo Zoppini et al. BMJ Open Diab Res Care 2015;3:e000058 ©2015 by American Diabetes Association