What is DNA? Deoxyribo-Nucleic Acid Long molecule made of different chemicals called Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, and Cytosine ATGCCTAAGTACCGTA ATGCCTAAGTACCGTA

What is DNA? Deoxyribo-Nucleic Acid Career Spotlight! Molecular Geneticists study the structure of DNA involved in different diseases Deoxyribo-Nucleic Acid Long molecule made of different chemicals called Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, and Cytosine Shaped like a twisted ladder Double Helix

How is DNA organized? nucleus genome chromosome DNA gene Gauge the audience- Has anyone ever seen a diagram like this? Can you name any structures? Nucleus holds all the genetic info All of your genetic info is your "genome" Broken down into chromosomes A single instruction is called a gene, All of this material is composed of DNA gene

What does DNA do? Your DNA determines your PHENOTYPE Instruction book for your cells My DNA hair shape body skin eyes Each instruction is called a GENE Genes are the recipes for Proteins All your genes together is called your GENOME How your cells read your Genome depends in part on your (and your cells’) environment

What does DNA do? Each instruction is called a GENE Genes are the recipes for Proteins All your genes together is called your GENOME Let's go over an example on how cells do this...

Reading DNA PORFAVORNOHABLECUANDOESTOYHABLANDO. ATACGGGCTAGCCTGACGTCAGTTTAAAAGCCCTG.

Reading DNA MUTATIONS are changes in your GENES that may be inherited Career Spotlight! Genetic Counselors help people figure out if they might pass a disease mutation to their future children PUT A HAT ON YOUR HEAD TGACGTAAAGCTTGACCTA PUT A BAT ON YOUR HEAD PUT A BAT ON YOUR HEAD TGACATAAAGCTTGACCTA MUTATION! MUTATIONS are changes in your GENES that may be inherited Even small changes in DNA can have big effects Human DNA is ALL >99% identical! Get two student volunteers!

} DNA found in nucleus (Eukaryotic) Where is DNA? DNA is found in the cells of every living organism There are different types of cells Animal cells Plant cells Bacteria cells } DNA found in nucleus (Eukaryotic) - DNA floating loose (Prokaryotic) What are the 3 types of cells? If students are stuck, ask “What types of cells makes dogs, zebras, and humans? What types of cells makes roses, broccoli or elm trees? What types of cells are found in yogurt, your gut and sometimes can make you sick?” Ask students if they know any of the structures of animal cells or plant cells- if not, review: cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, and DNA, but mention there are many more structures

What color is DNA?