9-7: Ending World War II, 1941-1945.

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Presentation transcript:

9-7: Ending World War II, 1941-1945

Thematic Learning Objectives NAT 3.0 Analyze how ideas about national identity changed in response to U.S. involvement in international conflicts and the growth of the United States. NAT 4.0 Analyze relationships among different regional, social, ethnic, and racial groups, and explain how these groups’ experiences have related to U.S. national identity. WOR 2.0 Analyze the reasons for and results of U.S. diplomatic, economic, and military initiatives in North America and overseas.

Key Concept Participation in a series of global conflicts propelled the United States into a position of international power while renewing domestic debates over the nation’s proper role in the world.

Overview War aims Reasons for Victory U.S. emerges as global leader Preserve freedom and democracy Fight fascism and militarism Reinforced by discovery of atrocities and Holocaust Reasons for Victory Allied cooperation Technological and scientific advances Military strategy U.S. emerges as global leader

The Battlefronts Fighting Germany Defeat Hitler First Defense at Sea, Attacks by Air From North Africa to Italy From D-Day to Victory in Europe German surrender Discovery of the Holocaust

The Battlefronts Fighting Japan Early Japanese victories in the Pacific Turning Point, 1942 Island-Hopping Atomic Bombs Manhattan Project Decision to Use Bomb Saving American lives Force an end to the war Forestall Soviet intervention Bombing of Japan Japan Surrenders

Wartime Conferences Big Three Casablanca (Jan. ‘43) Moscow (Oct. ‘43) Call for “unconditional surrender” Moscow (Oct. ‘43) USSR to enter war against Japan after fall of Germany Yalta (Feb. ’45) Partition of Germany Soviet satellite states Potsdam (Jul. ‘45) Atomic bomb decision Call for Nuremberg Trials

The War’s Legacy Costs United Nations 50 million deaths—military and civilian Asia and Europe ravaged by war U.S.: 15 million soldiers; 300,000 KIA and 800,000 WIA U.S. emerges as leading world power United Nations Pledged principles of Atlantic Charter Peace-keeping organization