Chess Opening Principles

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Presentation transcript:

Chess Opening Principles Chess Merit Badge Chess Opening Principles by Joseph L. Bell © 2011

Chess Openings What Are Chess Openings? Opening Principles Some Chess Openings Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011

Chess Openings The opening refers to the first several moves by both players. In most games the opening is the first four to ten moves. Openings are often named after the first famous player who used them Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011

What Opening to Use? It Depends: Try lots of them as a beginner Read about openings you are comfortable with Consider your playing style and preferences (closed/open, wild/cautious) How much theory do you have to memorize to be effective is different for various openings Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011

Opening Principles Development Control the Center Castling Pawn Structure Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011

Development Do develop minor pieces before major pieces (B & N, before Q & R) Make the first Knight move toward the center (c3, f3, c6, f6) The first Bishop move should attack something or defend important square Learn from your mistakes Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011

Development Do NOT develop your Queen early Do NOT open with Rook pawns (a, h) Do NOT move the same piece many times Do NOT put Knights on the edge, unless required for defense Avoid blocking Pawns with Bishops Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011

Control the Center If you control more of the center squares, it is easier to defend and harder for your opponent to attack The “Sweet Center” (d4, d5, e4, e5) squares are the most important “Once we have chosen the right formation in the centre we have created opportunities for our pieces and laid the foundation of subsequent victory.” - Alexander Kotov, Grandmaster Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011

Castling Castling makes the King safer by moving him away from the center. Castling is efficient: 2 King moves in 1, and it develops a Rook The option to castle to BOTH sides can make your opponent commit to an attack before you change the subject Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011

Pawn Structure Pawns do not move backward, so carefully choose pawn moves Avoid moving pawns in front of a castled King without a reason Pawn chains are stronger than isolated pawns Attack the base of a pawn chain, where it is weakest Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011

Pawn Structure (cont’d) Capablanca’s Rule: To create a pawn majority, advance the unopposed pawn (before the rest of the pawn majority) Recognize types of Pawn Centers: Open, Closed, Blocked, Fixed, Mobile, Dynamic Accumulate small advantages in pawn control Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011

Some Chess Openings Ruy Lopez 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Caro-Kann 1. e4 c6 Scandinavian Defense (center-counter) 1. e4 d5 2. exd5 Qxd5 3. Nc3 Qa5 4. d4 Nf6 King’s Indian 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 Queen’s Gambit 1. d4 d5 2. c4 Colle System 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. e3 e6 4. Bd3 c5 5. c3 Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011

Books on Chess Openings Chess Openings: Traps and Zaps (Pandolfini) Batsford Chess Openings (Kasparov & Keene) “In the opening a master should play like a book, in the mid-game he should play like a magician, in the ending he should play like a machine. – Rudolph Spielmann, Grandmaster Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011

Opening Principles Development Control the Center Castling Pawn Structure Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011

Questions ? Chess Merit Badge 7/20/2011