Regional Conference on Migration Vancouver Tuesday, 8 March 2005 Passport Standards and Models Regional Conference on Migration Vancouver Tuesday, 8 March 2005

ICAO: What it is and how it works ICAO is a specialized agency of the United Nations, established in 1946 Per Chicago Convention, ICAO sets travel document specifications and standards Technical Advisory Group on Machine Readable Travel Documents (TAG-MRTD) ISO has formal liaison with TAG-MRTD for ISO endorsement of all ICAO travel document specs ALL ICAO SPECS BASED ON ISO STANDARDS!

ICAO Technical Advisory Group (TAG) Plenary Session, Montreal roughly annually, intervals vary from 10 to 18 months Most recent meeting May 2004, Montreal Three Continuing Working Groups - New Technologies Working Group - Document Content & Format Working Group - Education & Promotion Working Group Ad Hoc Sub-Groups as Needed

TAG Members Australia Canada Czech Republic France Germany India Japan New Zealand Netherlands Russia Sweden United Kingdom USA

an Example - the US Delegation Plenary attendance ranges from 4-10, with average of six, all Government representatives Head of Delegation is State DAS Passport Services, called the “MEMBER” Other US government reps are “ADVISORS” - DOS CA Project Officers - DOS Passport and Visa Offices - DHS Systems and Inspections - DHS Customs, e.g. TECS Database Manager - Other US government representation ( Hill, WH, GPO) The US participates in all three TAG Work Groups

International Standards Organization (ISO) Association of various national standards bodies (e.g. SCC, BSI, INCITS/ANSI, DIN) Establishes technical standards requiring international cooperation Develops test methods Membership is voluntary, dues paying and both government and non-governmental (the latter for travel document meetings) Serves as official forum for new technologies Complex structure for committees and voting

ISO/IEC JTC1/SC17 Committee Int’l Stds Org/Int’l Elect Comm Joint Tech Comm 1/Sub Comm 17 “Cards and Personal Identification” WG1 - Physical Characteristics & Test Methods WG3 - Machine Readable Travel Documents WG4 - Integrated Circuit Cards with Contacts WG8 - Contactless Integrated Circuit(s) Cards WG9 - Optical Memory Cards WG10 - Drivers Licenses SC 37 and M1 very important relationships

Documents of ICAO ICAO Doc 9303 when endorsed becomes ISO Standard 7501 Doc 9303 Parts 1 (Passports) and 2 (Visas) are endorsed by ISO as Std 7501 Parts 1 & 2 Doc 9303 Part 3 (Other Travel Documents/Cards) endorsed by ISO as Standard 7501 Part 3 Doc 9303 Part 4, Crew Member Certificates, abolished; survives as Annex J to Part 3 ICAO document approvals are generally carried out within one year, TR’s issued by Work Group responsible

Related ICAO Technical Reports The Original TAG/MRTD Biometrics Selection Report The Logical Data Structure LDS Technical Report The PKI (Security of Electronic Data) Technical Report The Contactless IC Chip Technical Report The Minimum MRTD Issuance Security Standards Technical Report The Minimum MRTD Security Standards/Features Technical Report (The above as input for the Biometric Deployment TR)

Main Threats to Travel Documents Counterfeiting a complete travel document Photo-substitution Deletion/alteration of text in the visual or machine readable zone of the biographical data page The construction of a fraudulent document, or parts thereof, using materials from legitimate documents Removal and substitution of entire page(s) or visas Deletion of entries on visa pages and the Observations Page Theft of genuine document blanks Impostors (assumed identity; altered appearance)

How to Mitigate these Threats? Use a range of security features and techniques No single feature can offer protection against all forms of attack Likewise, no single security feature is 100% effective The best protection is obtained from a balanced set of features and techniques providing multiple layers of security in the document

Example – Security Printing (Protection against counterfeiting) Basic Features Two-colour guilloche background Rainbow printing Anti-scan pattern Microprinting Unique biodata page design Additional Features Intaglio printing Latent image Duplex pattern 3-D design feature Front-to-back register feature Deliberate error in microprint Unique design on every page Tactile feature

Example – New US Passport OLD Split fountain offset UV Inks Chemical Sensitivity Microprinting Thin thread in visa pgs Planchettes in data page Photo-Chromic Ink NEW Split Fountain Offset UV inks Chemical Sensitivity More Microprinting Wider thread in visa pages 2-color fibers in data page OVI Inks (two places) Intaglio + Latent Image Front-Back register in data pg

Example – New US Passport Data Page Improvements Passport number in VIZ large enough to read New clearer font for VIZ data Captions (Field Names) printed at same time as in-fill data—no more data mis-registration Passport number same as book inventory number stamped on inside back cover Application number (formerly passport number) now in optional data field in MRZ 2nd line New Crystagram design in development Blue Guilloche & red stars design elements removed

So What’s All of This Look Like?

New Cover Image

Inside Front Cover Image

New Data Page/Facing Page

Example of Visa Page Images

Example of Visa Page Images

Last Page and Inside Back Cover

Questions? Steven G, Grant, P.Eng 3M Security Systems Division Ottawa, Canada Tel: 1 613 722-2070 E-mail: sggrant@mmm.com Thank you!