Illustrating the bonding of Sodium and Chlorine Ionic Bonding Illustrating the bonding of Sodium and Chlorine + - Na Cl
Sodium(Na) Sodium is soft and very reactive metal It has only 1 electron in its outside shell 11P 12N Sodium Na = 2,8,1
Chlorine (Cl) Chlorine is a highly poisonous green gas. It has 7 electrons in the outside shell and is not stable. 18P 17N Chlorine = 2,8,7
Neither sodium nor chlorine are stable, since both have less than 8 electrons in their outside shell. However this can easily be achieved by combining Na and Cl together. Watch how! 11P 12N 17P 18N Na Cl
Na is giving away its 1 electron which it has in its outside shell…. 11P 12N 17P 18N Cl Na
Cl is accepting the electron from Na
Both Na and Cl now have 8 electrons in their outside shell and a new compound NaCl has been formed 2,8,8 Na + 2,8
Both Na and Cl now have 8 electrons in their outside shell and a new compound NaCl has been formed Strong forces of attraction exist between Na+ and Cl- and hold the bond together Cl- 2,8,8 Na+ 2,8
Satisfying the Octet Rule….. The Octet rule is simply a rule which helps us to understand bonding Atoms bond together so that each atom attains an electron arrangement of 8 electrons in its outermost shell.
To satisfy the Octet Rule, atoms tend to gain, lose or share electrons Na lost 1 electron Na changed from electron configuration of 2,8,1 to 2,8 Na changed from a neutral Na atom to a positively charged Na ion (Na+) Cl gained 1 electron Cl changed from electron configuration of 2,8,7 to 2,8,8 Cl changed from a neutral Cl atom to a negatively charged Cl ion (Cl-)
Difference between the sodium and the sodium ion The sodium atom 11 Protons (11+) 12 neutrons 11 electrons (11-) The sodium ion 11 Protons(11+) 12 neutrons 10 electrons (10-) The sodium ion Na has an extra one + charge Na+ The sodium atom Na has an equal number of + and - charges An ion is a charged atom
Chlorine and the chloride ion The chlorine atom 17 Protons (17+) 18 neutrons 17 electrons (17-) The chloride ion 17 Protons(17+) 18 neutrons 18 electrons (18-) The chloride ion Cl has an extra one “- “charge Cl- The chlorine atom Cl has an equal number of + and - charges An ion is a charged atom