Effects of sodium artesunate, a new antimalarial drug, on renal function  Silvia B. Campos, Lucia H.K. Rouch, Antonio C. Seguro  Kidney International  Volume 59, Issue 3, Pages 1044-1051 (March 2001) DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.0590031044.x Copyright © 2001 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Effect of sodium artesunate on free water clearance normalized by urine volume (CH2O/UV) in seven rats. After a control period of 30 minutes, artesunate 12 mg/kg body weight was intravenously bolus injected followed by an intravenous infusion at 0.024 mg/min. The values are the means ± SEM. *P < 0.05 vs. control periods. Kidney International 2001 59, 1044-1051DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.0590031044.x) Copyright © 2001 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Relationship between free water reabsorption (TCH2O) and osmolar clearance (COsm) in the control period (•) and after artesunate infusion (○). The six rats were maintained on a constant infusion of 2% NaCl solution. Kidney International 2001 59, 1044-1051DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.0590031044.x) Copyright © 2001 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Effect of an acute infusion of sodium artesunate on urinary NO2 + NO3 excretion in six rats, before (control period) and following artesunate infusion (artesunate period). Kidney International 2001 59, 1044-1051DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.0590031044.x) Copyright © 2001 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Effect of sodium artesunate (10-4 mol/L) added to peritubular fluid on 36Cl lumen-bath (Jlb) in the thick ascending loop of Henle (TALH). Five consecutive experiments in three periods are shown: (1) with control, (2) after an addition of sodium artesunate to bath fluid, and (3) when sodium artesunate was withdrawn from bath fluid. Each point represents the mean of three collections of one period. Lines connect data points of individual tubules. Kidney International 2001 59, 1044-1051DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.0590031044.x) Copyright © 2001 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 Effect of sodium artesunate (10-3 to 10-6 mol/L) added to peritubular fluid on 36Cl lumen-bath (Jlb) in TALH. Three periods are shown: (1) with control, (2) after addition of sodium artesunate to bath fluid, and (3) when sodium artesunate was withdrawn from bath fluid. Each point represents the mean ± SEM. Symbols are: (▪) 10-3 mol/L; (▴) 10-4 mol/L; (▾) 10-5 mol/L; (♦) 10-6 mol/L. Kidney International 2001 59, 1044-1051DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.0590031044.x) Copyright © 2001 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 6 Effect of sodium artesunate (10-4 mol/L) added to luminal fluid on 36Cl lumen-bath (Jlb) in TALH. Five consecutive experiments in three periods are shown: (1) with control, (2) after an addition of sodium artesunate to perfusate, and (3) when sodium artesunate was withdrawn from luminal fluid. Each point represents the mean of three collections of one period. Lines connect data points of individual tubules. Kidney International 2001 59, 1044-1051DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.0590031044.x) Copyright © 2001 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 7 L-NAME inhibits the sodium artesunate-induced decrease in 36Cl lumen-to-bath (Jlb) in isolated TALH. An addition of 10-4 mol/L sodium artesunate to the bath fluid of TALH pretreated with 5mmol/L L-NAME did not change 36Cl Jlb. Kidney International 2001 59, 1044-1051DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.0590031044.x) Copyright © 2001 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions