Complexities & Contradictions

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Presentation transcript:

Complexities & Contradictions The Age of Jefferson Complexities & Contradictions

The Election of 1800 Notable for two reasons: Jefferson & Burr run on same ticket & receive same # of votes, even though Jefferson was presidential candidate. Burr double-crosses Jefferson; tries to be president Election ends up in House of Representatives Hamilton chooses Jefferson. 12th Amendment to Constitution results Peaceful transfer of power from one political party to another sets valuable precedent

Jefferson’s Domestic Policies Jefferson considered his election to be “republican revolution” Cut Taxes Streamlined Government Bureaucracy Cut Federal Debt Increased sale of western land Sharp increase in revenue from foreign trade

The Federalist Legacy: John Marshall In the last days of Adam’s term, he appointed a number of friendly judges; these appointees were known as “midnight judges” John Marshall was one of these. Appointment had major impact on the federal government & the United States

Marshall’s Legacy Judicial Review in Marbury v Madison Federal laws superior to state laws Interpreted the Constitution loosely to find more power for Federal government “Sanctity of Contracts”

The Louisiana Purchase Jefferson believed that farming essential to freedom Concerned about growing U.S. population Worried when France took over Louisiana Territory from Spain France threatened to block New Orleans access from U.S. citizens Sent U.S. representatives to buy New Orleans. Imagine his surprise when they offered him the whole territory for 15 million dollars! But was it constitutional?

The U.S. DOUBLES in Size! Jefferson Sends Lewis & Clark to Explore

Jefferson’s Foreign Policies The Barbary States (Morocco, Algiers, Tunis, and Tripoli) were pirates; Demanded protection money to leave American ships alone Jefferson sent American navy to attack pirates Known as Barbary War Won favorable peace in 1805

Trouble with Britain British at war with France and captured their ships As result, French would use American ships. This was called the re-export trade and made the U.S. $59 million dollars Britain not happy; Why? Helped French economy U.S. became commercial competitor

Jefferson’s Worst Move: Embargo Act of 1807 British stopped American ships Impressed (kidnapped) American sailors, saying they were British. Jefferson persuaded Congress to suspend all trade & ordered American ships to stay in port Embargo hurt American economy

U.S. Citizens Hate the Embargo