Trends in Sexual Risk Behaviors Among High School Students Each year 3 million cases of STD in teens in U.S. Each year 1 million U.S. teens get pregnant HIV infection is the 6th leading cause of death among 15-24 y/o Unprotected sexual intercourse and multiple sex partners is risky for HIV, STD, and pregnancy One out of six college girls are raped. Mostly “date rape” & they know their victims.

STD Stats in the US In 2018 the US broke the all time record from 2016 of having the highest number of reported cases of STDs increase by 200,000 cases.

What’s Happening in Georgia Georgia, like the rest of the Southeast, has some of the highest rates of Sexually Transmitted Diseases/Infections (STDs/STIs) in the country. According to the CDC, in 2012 Georgia was ranked: 8th Highest in the U.S. for chlamydia with a rate of 534 per 100,000 5th Highest in the U.S. for gonorrhea with a rate of 156.1 per 100,000 1st in the U.S. for primary and secondary syphilis with a rate of 9.5 per 100,000 Cobb County Public Health - 2012

How many STD’s are there? 1974 – 2 STD’s (gonorrhea & syphilis) 2004 – 20 different STD’s 2012 – 27 (3 new bacterial STD’s)

In the United States, about 85% of all sexually transmitted diseases occur in persons between the ages of 15 - 30.

Ways to Get an STD Vaginal, Anal, or Oral Sex Contamminated Needles Tattoos Piercing

2 Most Common STD Chlamydia (Bacteria - curable) Genital Warts (HPV) (virus – non-curable)

Through the Years Started out as VD (venereal disease) - Syphilis oldest VD STD (Sexual Transmissible Disease) STD (Sexual Transmitted Diseases) Today: STI (Sexual Transmitted Infection)

Types of STDs Type: Gonorrhea Cause: Bacteria Signs/Symptoms: often no signs/symptoms; heavy yellowish discharge Treatment: Antibiotic

Facts on Gonorrhea Gonorrhea diagnoses increased from 468,514 in 2016 to 555,608 cases in 2017. Among men only, cases climbed from 270,033 in 2016 to 322,169 in 2017. Men make up 58% of all Gonorrhea cases.

Gonorrhea Infection in Eyes of Newborn

Gonorrhea/Bacterial Often called the CLAP Penis was clapped between 2 hands to push out the infection

Type: PID (Pelvic Inflammatory Disease) Causes: Bacteria Signs/Symptoms: painful sexual intercourse; uterine bleeding; urinary problems Treatment: Powerful antibiotics Type: Chlamydia Signs/Symptoms: usually no signs/symptoms; difficulty urinating; discharge Treatment: Antibiotics

Facts on Chlamydia 1.7 million cases of chlamydia were diagnosed in 2017, with about 45% -- 771,340 cases -- emerging among 15- to 24-year-old women and girls. Chlamydia remains the most common STD affecting Americans in 2018.

Type: Genital herpes (Herpes simplex type 2) Causes: Virus Signs/Symptoms: usually no signs/symptoms; painful blisters on cervix or penis Treatment: No Cure

Herpes/Viral

Type: Syphilis Causes: Bacteria Signs/Symptoms: Primary – small red bumps called chancre; Secondary - rash/moist sores in genital areas; Tertiary (final stage) blindness, paralysis, or death Treatment: Antibiotics

Cobb County STD Stats Most Common in Cobb: Syphilis There were 82 reported cases of syphilis in 2015. Based on population statistics that means 11 people per 100,000 have syphilis. That puts the county at 60th nationwide.

Lesions of Secondary Syphilis - Rash

Lesions of Late Syphilis

Type: Trichomoniasis Causes: Parasite Signs/Symptoms: painful urination; discharge Treatment: Antibiotics Type: Genital Warts (Human Papilloma Virus) Causes: Virus Signs/Symptoms: Warts in the genital or anal area Treatment: No Cure

Type: Vaginitis Causes: Bacteria that can turn into a virus Signs/Symptoms: painful urination; discharge Treatment: Antibiotics depending on cause Type: Hepatitis B Causes: Virus Signs/Symptoms: flu like symptoms; dark urine; yellowish skin, inflammation of optic nerve Treatment: No Cure

Type: Pubic Lice Causes: Parasite Signs/Symptoms: Intense itching in genital area Treatment: Medicated lotions & shampoo Type: Scabies Signs/Symptoms: Intense itching in genital area, under breast, armpits, between fingers

Penicillin Common antibiotic used to treat many bacterial STD’s