Mean ± SE (A) indirect fitness, (B) direct fitness, and (C) inclusive fitness accrued by female (dark gray) and male (light gray) long-tailed tits in relation to whether they were immigrants (IMM; 308 females and 211 males) or philopatric resident... Mean ± SE (A) indirect fitness, (B) direct fitness, and (C) inclusive fitness accrued by female (dark gray) and male (light gray) long-tailed tits in relation to whether they were immigrants (IMM; 308 females and 211 males) or philopatric residents (RES; 77 females and 182 males) in the study population. Jonathan P. Green, and Ben J. Hatchwell PNAS 2018;115:47:12011-12016 ©2018 by National Academy of Sciences