Two or more organisms living together in a close association

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Presentation transcript:

Two or more organisms living together in a close association Symbiosis Two or more organisms living together in a close association

Three kinds of symbiosis Mutualism Commensalism Parasitism

Mutualism A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit Ex. The bee benefits by obtaining food (nectar) and the plant benefits when the flowers are pollinated

Mutualism + + Both organisms benefit

Commensalism A symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other species is not harmed or benefited. Ex. Barnacles on this Gray Whale are benefited but the whale is not harmed or benefited. Talk to the students about how Barnacles benefit from being attached to the whale. The use them for motility and for easy access to food.

One benefits and the other is neither benefited nor harmed Commensalism + o Students must complete this circle map on their own. Add examples that represent commensalistic relationships. One benefits and the other is neither benefited nor harmed

Parasitism One member benefits and the other member is harmed The organism that benefits is called the parasite The organism that is harmed is called the host

One is benefited and the other is harmed Parasitism + - One is benefited and the other is harmed

Predation The act of killing one organism for food.

One organism benefits and the other is harmed Predation One organism benefits and the other is harmed

Two species using the same resources for survival Competition Two species using the same resources for survival Food Shelter living space light mineral nutrients water Usually occurs when there is a limit or shortage of the above supplies in the ecosystem.

The wolves and the moose compete for survival Notice how as one population of organisms increases the other population of organisms decreases This is due to the fact that there are only a limited supply of resources in the area to support the population size of both organisms