Energy Notes.

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Presentation transcript:

Energy Notes

The Universe is made of 2 things…

Matter It has mass It takes up space Energy Not like matter Does not have any mass Does not take up space Energy moves matter

NOTES

Energy: The ability to do work Examples: Wind has energy because it moves things Fire (heat) can change water to steam Electricity can produce sound and light

Two Kinds of Energy: Potential Energy: Stored energy, waiting to become kinetic energy PE (potential energy) depends on the object’s MASS and HEIGHT

Kinetic: energy in motion The more Mass and/or Velocity (speed) something has, the more kinetic energy EX: a bowling ball has more kinetic energy than a golf ball at he same velocity

Many forms of energy Gravitational potential: it depends on weight (mass) & height Elastic potential: objects stretched or compressed (bow & arrow) Thermal: heat from vibrations of atoms within matter Chemical Potential: energy stored in chemical bonds; released in chemical reactions

Many forms of energy Electrical: movement of electrical charges Nuclear: energy stored in nucleus of an atom; released in nuclear reaction Mechanical: motion and ability to do work Electromagnetic: travels in waves (light, microwaves, UV radiation, infrared) Sound: vibrations of air

…and...That’s all folks...(for now)

Energy Transformations (a.k.a. energy conversions)

Law of Conservation of Energy Remember, the universe is made of only 2 things: Matter and Energy Energy cannot be created or destroyed (just like matter) Energy can only change form

Pendulums Max Potential Energy at 1 and 3 Max Kinetic Energy at 2

Law of Conservation of Energy Energy cannot be created or destroyed It only converts (changes) from one form to another form

Conversion of Potential and Kinetic Kinetic and Potential energy convert back and forth all the time. The more potential E. you start with, the more kinetic E. you end up with

Important Examples. Know These!! The Blue Ball at the top of the arc has the most _____________ energy. As the ball drops, it loses _________ energy and gains __________ energy.