ARTHROPODS

Three Important characteristics Jointed appendages Segmented bodies Chitin exoskeleton Arthro = “joint” Poda = “foot”

“Crunching” Arthropods? Strong exoskeleton composed of chitin (type of protein) OR calcium carbonate

Nitrogen Waste… Terrestrial: use Malpighian tubules Aquatic: use Green Glands *Act like kidneys to filter & remove toxic nitrogen from the system

Subphylum Uniramia

Flies Eyes (say that 5 times fast ) Simple Eyes: Sense light and dark (like ocelli) Compound Eyes: Have multiple lenses (up to 2000!); can see images from multiple angles

Examples… Centipedes Millipedes Insects (flies, bees, ants)

Can fly! 3 pairs of walking legs Separate individuals dependant on others for various jobs Ex. Collecting food, defence, etc Unique Features for Movement Insect Societies

Carnivores 1 pair legs per segment Feed on detritus 2 pairs legs per segment Centipedes Millipedes

THREE main body parts Head Thorax abdomen

Feeding Thin mouth parts pierce host’s skin Sucks blood (parasitic) Proboscis used to sip nectar from plants Mosquito Butterfly

Pheromones Chemicals affecting behaviour/development Can be used to indicate trail to food source

Bee Dances Shows others type, direction and distance to food ROUND DANCE: source of food <50m from hive WAGGLE DANCE: source of food >50m from hive

subPhylum chelicerata

Examples… Spiders Scorpions Mites Ticks

Making silk Glands in abdomen  liquid silk pushed through SPINNERETS

Chelicerate Structures Main body parts: Cephalothorax & Abdomen Mouthparts: Chelicerae (adapted for different purposes) and Pedipalps (longer than chelicerae)

Spiders Hollow chelicerae Inject VENOM into prey Produce silk

Mites & Ticks Most parasitic Small chelicerae pierce skin of host

Scorpions Pedipalps enlarged into CLAWS Segmented abdomen has venomous barb at tip

Subphylum crustacea

Examples… Pill bugs Crayfish Lobster Crab

Body parts Exoskeleton (made of chitin) 2 pairs of antennae Mandibles (mouthparts)

Antennae “Feelers” to detect movement using sensory hairs Some are adapted for feeding

Features on Abdomen Feathery “gills (filter feeding) Large claws Walking legs or swimmerets Paddle like tail