Genetic terms

Phenotypes Phen= to show or bring to light It’s the phenotype is what shows Like eye color, hair color, hair texture Genotype determines the phenotype

Recesive The non-dominate Both need to be recessive to show the phenotype Like blonde hair, normal height Example: ss, hh Sickle cell, hemophilia are recessive Recessive does not mean rare (six fingers is a dominate trait) also called polydactyl

Genotype Genetic make up of an organism There are three possible genotype

Dominate Dominate trait is the one that shows more It can show if there is a Aa or AA Only need one allele to make it dominate Dwarfism and Huntington's disease Dark hair and eyes

Alleles There are two alleles for each trait They code for a genetic trait They can be dominate or recesive

Centromeres Centromeres are used by the spindle fiber to pull the sister chromatids towards the opposite pole

Chromatid Chromatid is one strand of the divided chromosome

Mutation Is a change in DNA Mistakes when DNA is copied Cuts the DNA in section

Pedigree Used to look at the pattern of a disease in a pattern Can track genetic diseases and show the probability of a child getting it Genetic counselors use them

Gene Humans have 20,000 to 30,000 genes. Genes make you who you are

Homologous Means same proportion. Are the ones from mom and the one from dad

Telemore A region of nucleotide sequences at each end of a chromatid. It protects the end of chromosome and protects it from deterioration