Dynamics N Controls 1 PDR Aether Aerospace AAE 451 September 27, 2006 Mark Davis Ashley Gordon Hank Kneitz Ryan Mulligan Joshua Rodewald Brandon Wampler Mathieu Hautier Samantha Pearcy

Overview Class 1 sizing of tail Class 1 sizing of control surfaces Surface deflection limits Location of ac Location of cg Determination of static margin Class 2 sizing of tail Determination of dihedral angle July 3, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace

Class 1 Sizing of Tail The Angry Mosquito Sized for a conventional tail Matched surface area for conventional to V-design Used reference data to approximate volume coefficients Sv=1.1 ft2 total July 3, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace

Class 1 Sizing of Control Surfaces Sized for conventional tail Used reference data to approximate control surface area relative to tail area Used data for single propeller planes Converted from conventional to V Control surface area is the same as conventional tail with dihedral shown below July 3, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace

Class 1 Sizing of Control Surfaces Sa 0.26 ft2 Sr 0.078 ft2 Se 0.033 ft2 Sv-control 0.11 ft2 July 3, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace

Surface Deflection Limits Servo limitation Most servos are limited to ± 40° deflection Trim diagram will reveal more Power limitations Large deflections at high speeds require more torque May take power away from propulsion Aerodynamic properties Control Surface Stall Considerations July 3, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace

Determination of Dihedral Angle Effects Contributes to lateral stability Too much can cause Dutch Roll behavior Unclear selection method thus far McCombs: 0° - 2° Lennon: 4° Raymer: “no simple technique” → iterative Temporary selection 4° Conservative to maintain uncontrolled lateral stability Better estimate when control is analyzed July 3, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace

Location of Aerodynamic Center Wing and Tail Contribution Located at quarter cord 1% error Fuselage Contribution Considered negligible until further analysis Initial Location 1.6 ft from nose Calculated a.c. .5c ft from LE 1.84 ft from nose July 3, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace

Location of Center of Gravity Important for static margin Initial guess Based on CATIA model with weight as far forward as possible 0.855 ft from nose, quite overzealous (seen in X-plots) Desired value .35c ft from LE 1.69 ft from nose July 3, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace

Determination of Static Margin 5% - 10% Raymer ~15% Roskam Desired value: SM=0.15 July 3, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace

Class 2 Sizing of Horizontal and Vertical Tail using X-Plots C.G. does not allow for solution Vertical Tail area = 0.7 ft2 July 3, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace

Move the C.G. back Move batteries back as a ballast CG shift of 0.85 ft 15% SM with a horizontal tail area of 0.9 ft2 July 3, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace

Trim Diagram July 3, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace

The Angry Mosquito July 3, 2019 AAE 451, Aether Aerospace