A system of values, norms, knowledge, symbols, and beliefs shared by a society is Culture

This economic system advocates that the means of production are controlled by the people, as a whole, instead of private individuals. Socialism

Which Enlightenment philosopher wrote of the General Will? Rousseau

Who wrote that the foundation of government is the consent of people Locke

This economic philosophy, which means let be, advocates for the government to stay out of business Laissez Faire

According to laws of supply and demand, when demand goes up and supply stays the same, prices Go Up

Who stated that when population outgrows the food supply, poverty/misery will continue for the poor Malthus

Karl Marx stated that there is a class struggle between Haves and Have Nots Bourgeoisie and Proletariat Middle Class and Workers

A self-governing political entity State

To be an independent state what is necessary? Defined Borders International Recognition Economic activity People there permanently Government to provide services Transportation system Social Engineering Sovereignty

Name the aspects of Capitalism Free Markets Private Ownership Supply and Demand No Government interference

Things considered good or important are called Values

Gestures Words Objects Colors Designs Are all examples of Symbols

Guidelines we follow in relations to others, or shared standards of desirable behavior are Norms

3 examples of Means of Production Factories Farms Railroads Shipyards

Give an example of Folkways

Bringing an item from one culture to another is Cultural Diffusion

Define Taboos Prohibitions against the most important mores, or things you really shouldn’t do

Define Ethnocentrism belief that other cultures should be judged by the standards of your own

A group that rejects the values and norms of larger culture is called Counterculture

_______________ cultures tend to not be as concerned with time and schedules Polychronic

“Father of Capitalism” Adam Smith

________________ cultures tend to be more bound by schedules Monochronic

The idea that other cultures should not be judged by our standards is called Cultural Relativism

standardized organization of written or spoken symbols Language

Punishments or Rewards Sanctions

Define Subculture People with shared broad traditions but also follow some unique norms and values are

Which Religion does not belong? Judaism Christianity Hinduism Islam

Define Cultural Universals Features common to all cultures, or things you would find in every culture are

Norms with the most powerful significance and get a severe reaction if broken are Mores

Define Nation A tightly knit group of people which share a common culture

Name the aspects of Socialism Government determines what is produced Government regulation of business Government controls means of production People as a whole control means of production

Who came up with the Iron Law of Wages David Ricardo

Polytheism Vedas Reincarnation are all aspects of Hinduism

Define the Iron Law of Wages working class will not escape poverty because of the cycle of wages and labor force

Which religion shares an origin with Hinduism? Buddhism

Term of nature religion Animism

Thomas Hobbes’ belief is a strong central government as part of the social contract advocated this type of government Absolute Monarchy

This philosopher wrote that the best government is one that separates the powers Montesquieu

“the greatest good for the greatest number of people Utilitarianism