Earth’s Formation and Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration Day 2: Unit 4 Earth’s Formation and Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration

(Formation of Earth) Biosphere (Formation of Earth) Atmosphere 84 85

Formation of Earth: Atmosphere NBpg. 84 Slide 1 of 4 Formation of Earth: Atmosphere EQ: Explain how Earth’s atmosphere formed and changed. Atmosphere: The gas  envelope that extends from the ocean, land, and ice-covered surface of a planet outward into space. The density of the atmosphere decreases outward, because the gravitational attraction of the planet, which pulls the gases and particle inward, is greatest close to the surface.

Formation of Earth: Atmosphere NBpg. 84 Slide 2 of 4 Formation of Earth: Atmosphere Primordial Atmosphere: Developed by venting during the original formation of the planet: Water vapor (H2O) Carbon dioxide (CO2) Hydrogen (H2)  Carbon monoxide (CO)  Nitrogen (N2) Ammonia (NH3) Methane (CH4) Traces of other substances. Approximately 85% of volcanic emissions are in the form of water vapor. (In contrast, carbon dioxide is about 10%)

Formation of Earth: Atmosphere NBpg. 84 Slide 3 of 4 Formation of Earth: Atmosphere Current Atmosphere: Once organisms developed the capability for photosynthesis, oxygen was produced in large quantities creating the ozone layer. - Nitrogen (N2), 78%   Oxygen (O2), 21% Argon (A), 1%  Water (H20), ~0- 4% Carbon dioxide (CO2), 0.04% Methane (CH4) and other trace elements Photosynthesis arose 2-3 billion years ago. Previously oxygen was produced in limited quantities

Formation of Earth: Atmosphere NBpg. 84 Slide 4 of 4 Formation of Earth: Atmosphere Atmosphere Layers: Combine the information from both pictures into one picture: Draw, Color, & Label Include: The layers Distance Ozone Images in each layer Summary

Formation of Earth: Biosphere NBpg. 85 Slide 1 of 4 Formation of Earth: Biosphere EQ: How did life change Earth? First Life- Prokaryotes: Before the coming of life, Earth was a bleak place, a rocky globe with shallow seas and a thin band of gases In the fossil record, bacteria began 3.8 billion years ago. The initial life-forms that evolved first must have been anaerobic (i.e., surviving in the absence of oxygen).

Formation of Earth: Biosphere NBpg. 85 Slide 2 of 4 Formation of Earth: Biosphere Development of Eukaryotes: Endosymbiotic Theory: A larger prokaryote engulfed (ate) a smaller prokaryote. Didn’t digest it, but used it for survival. Aerobic bacteria became Mitochondria. Cyanobacteria became Chloroplast Eukaryotes developed 1.8 billion years ago. Draw Color Label 

Formation of Earth: Biosphere NBpg. 85 Slide 3 of 4 Formation of Earth: Biosphere Aerobic bacteria became Mitochondria. Uses Cellular Respiration uses oxygen and sugars to produce energy for the organism. Cyanobacteria became Chloroplast - Uses Photosynthesis to produce oxygen and sugars by using sunlight energy.

Formation of Earth: Biosphere NBpg. 85 Slide 4 of 4 Formation of Earth: Biosphere Biodiversity: Prokaryotes are classified as Bacteria and Archaea Eukaryotes, plant and animal cells: protista, plants, fungi, and animals Natural selection and adaptations favored traits for survival (we’ll dive deeper next semester) Summary Draw Color Label 