Levels of PM10 in The Netherlands Ronald Hoogerbrugge
}10 µg/m3
1 µg/m3 ~5 days 31 µg/m3
Regional stations Decreasement 1 µg/m3 /year Yearly variations up to 5 µg/m3 (~ 25 exceeding days)
Average annual contribution sea salt Interpolation measurements Assumption on distance to coast dependence Variation model and measurement 1 g/m3
PM2.5 and PM10 measurements 2004, The Netherlands RIVM (DRAFT No correction factor) Site Name Period Site Classification Location Mean Value TEOM Β-ray attenuation concentration PM2.5 (µg/m3)* concentration PM10 (µg/m3)* Vredepeel May-Dec 2004 rural South 13.5 22.0 Vlaardingen April-Dec 2004 road side West 16.4 28.8 De Zilk June-Dec 2004 13.2 25.2 Kollumerwaard North 11.3 19.9 *Measuring method. PM2.5 = Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance and PM10 = ß-ray attenuation
PM2.5 and PM10 Measurements 2002 – 2004 IRAS (DRAFT Harvard Impactor ) Period Site Name Number 24hr mean values Site classification Mean value (µg/m3) Ratio PM2.5 PM10 PM2,5/PM10 nov 2002 – march 2004 Amsterdam 491 Urban background 22 31 0.65 *Measuring method: Harvard Impactor
PM2.5 and PM10 Measurements 1999 – 2006, Municipal Health centre Amsterdam TEOM DRAFT No correction factor Period Site Name Site classification Annual mean (µg/m3) Ratio PM2.5 PM10 PM2,5/PM10 1999 Overtoom Klinkerweg Westerpark Urban Background 13.1 13.4 14.0 21.0 21.7 0.62 0.67 2000 13.6 13.9 20.3 21.1 21.3 0.65 2001 12.8 12.6 13.0 20.1 20.2 0.64 0.63 2002 14.3 13.5 13.7 21.5 0.68 2003 14.1 13.8 22.0 21.8 2004 A10-Zuid Street side (highway) 15.4 2005 Overtoom (TEOM/KFG) A10-zuid (TEOM/KFG) 13.6/16.3 15.9/20.6
concentration PM2.5 (µg/m3)* PM2.5 Measurements Environmental protection Agency Rotterdam region (DCMR) TEOM 30°C Site Name Period Site Classification concentration PM2.5 (µg/m3)* Annual mean (µg/m3) 2004 2005 Schiedam Feb 2004 / Dec 2005 Urban background 16.6 15.5 Maassluis March 2004/ Dec 2005 Suburban 15.1 15.0
Conclusions PM10 Decrease rural 1 µg/m3/year Annual variation 5 µg/m3 Urban 8-10 µg/m3 > rural PM2.5 Most data without correction factor Most data consistent with PM10/PM2.5 = 0.6 - 0.7