Relationship between bronchodilator response of physiological parameters and concentration of interleukin (IL)-8 in epithelial lining fluid (ELF). Relationship between bronchodilator response of physiological parameters and concentration of interleukin (IL)-8 in epithelial lining fluid (ELF). Bronchodilator response of a) forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and b) resistance at 20 Hz (R20) did not correlate with the level of IL-8 in ELF. In contrast, the bronchodilator response of c) frequency dependence of resistance (R5–20) and d) dynamic elastance as assessed by reactance at 5 Hz (X5) correlated with the level of IL-8 in ELF (r=−0.51, p=0.021 and r=0.71, p<0.001, respectively). Kenneth I. Berger et al. ERJ Open Res 2016;2:00066-2016 ©2016 by European Respiratory Society