Two Different Mutations in the Cytoplasmic Domain of the Integrin β4 Subunit in Nonlethal Forms of Epidermolysis Bullosa Prevent Interaction of β4 with.

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Two Different Mutations in the Cytoplasmic Domain of the Integrin β4 Subunit in Nonlethal Forms of Epidermolysis Bullosa Prevent Interaction of β4 with Plectin Jan Koster, Ingrid Kuikman, Maaike Kreft, Arnoud Sonnenberg Journal of Investigative Dermatology Volume 117, Issue 6, Pages 1405-1411 (December 2001) DOI: 10.1046/j.0022-202x.2001.01567.x Copyright © 2001 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Crystal structure of the first pair of FNIII repeats of β4. (A) Ribbon diagram showing the amino acids R1225, K1279, and R1281 and the residues D1262, D1263, and N1264 of the DDN loop. (B) Same as (A) with the indicated residues as surface fills. (C) Space-filling model according to surface charge distribution with red representing residues with acidic side chains, white representing neutral side chains, and blue basic side chains. (D) Same as (C), with the residues R1225, K1279, and R1281 being highlighted in blue, red, and yellow and the residues DDN (1262–1264) in orange. Images prepared with WebLab using the coordinates from 1qg3. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2001 117, 1405-1411DOI: (10.1046/j.0022-202x.2001.01567.x) Copyright © 2001 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Detection of β4 mutants in lysates of transiently transfected COS-7 cells. Cells transfected with β4R1225H (lane 1), β4K1279W (lane 2), β4R1281W (lane 3), β4D1263E (lane 4), β4ΔDDN (lane 5), and wild-type β4 (lane 6) were lyzed as described in Materials and Methods. Protein samples were separated on 6% SDS-PAGE under nonreducing conditions and analyzed by immunoblotting using MoAb 439-9B. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2001 117, 1405-1411DOI: (10.1046/j.0022-202x.2001.01567.x) Copyright © 2001 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Immunofluorescence analysis of plectin recruitment by β4 mutants. β4-deficient PA-JEB keratinocytes were transfected with cDNA encoding wild-type β4 and various β4 mutants. Cells were fixed, double-immunolabeled, and processed for immunofluorescence microscopy using mouse MoAb 121 against HD1 and rat MoAb 439-9B against β4. Composite images were generated by superimposition of the green (HD1/plectin) and red (β4) signals with areas of overlap appearing as yellow. Micrographs with both transfected and untransfected cells are shown. In cells expressing wild-type β4 or the β4 mutants, β4K1279W, β4D1263E or β4δDDN, but not β4R1281W or β4R1225H, HD1/plectin is colocalized with β4 in hemidesmosome-like structures. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2001 117, 1405-1411DOI: (10.1046/j.0022-202x.2001.01567.x) Copyright © 2001 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Yeast two-hybrid analysis of a direct interaction between β4 mutants and the ABD of plectin. Cotransformation of yeast host strain PJ69-4 A with β4 mutants in the pACT2 (AD) vector and plectin ABD or β41457-1752 in the pAS2.1 (BD) vector. Transformation mixtures were spread on SC-LT and SC-LTHA plates and grown at 30°C. Plating efficiency on selective SC-LTHA plates is expressed as a percentage of the plating efficiency on nonselective SC-LT plates from the same transformation. Plates were scored after 5 and 10 d. All efficiencies listed represent an average of multiple independent transformations. ++, plating efficiency on SC-LTHA is ≥80% of the plating on SC-LT, colonies are fully developed on day 5; +, 40%-80% of the plating on SC-LT, colonies are small on day 5; –, no colonies on selective plates after 10 d of growth. Note that the interaction between the β41115-1457 mutants (K1279W, D1263E, and ΔDDN) and the plectin-ABD fusion protein, but not between β41115-1457 and β41457-1752, could also be shown by the growth of colonies on selective plates containing 2 mM 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (a His antagonist). Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2001 117, 1405-1411DOI: (10.1046/j.0022-202x.2001.01567.x) Copyright © 2001 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions