Bellwork: Thurs,Nov. 1, 2018 Photosynthesis is an energy _______________ reaction and cellular respiration is an energy ____________________ reaction Keep your notebooks out to write down a few more things under “Bellwork” producing consuming

Bellwork: continued A student poured a solution of bromthymol blue indicator into three test tubes. Then, he placed an aquatic plant in two of the test tubes, as shown. He placed a stopper on each test tube and placed them all in the dark for 24 hours. Bromthymol blue turns from blue to yellow in the presence of CO2. Which process or processes would you expect the organisms in the test tubes to carry out in the dark?? cellular respiration, photosynthesis, or both? ______________ 2. What if he took the test tubes out of the dark and put them in the sunlight? What processes occur now?________________

Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Comparing Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration The energy flows in photosynthesis and cellular respiration take place in opposite directions. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 3

Exercise/Heart Rate Graph Mark’s heart rate when he exercised for two minutes, rested, then exercised at a higher rate for two minutes four times.

Keep bellwork out to write a couple of things…. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M8tTELZD5Ek https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PdprNTwb4Ks

Respiration Demonstration Air usually has a low concentration of CO2. Exhaled air can be bubbled through water containing a pH indicator, bromothymol blue (BTB). Carbon dioxide reacts with water to form carbonic acid (H2CO3). CO2 (g) + H2O (l)  H2CO3 (aq) As the concentration of carbonic acid in the BTB solution increases, the indicator color changes from blue to green and finally to yellow. Acidic Basic

Exercise and Glucose levels In the muscles, glucose is broken down to yield ATP which is the fuel source for muscles (remember ATP is the energy “currency” or “battery” of the cell)

When Glucose Decreases Your body increases blood glucose levels as its primary fuel source during your workout. Once your body uses up its glucose, your blood glucose levels drop. Instead, your body begins to draw on stored fat to fuel the workout.

Aerobic Exercise (with oxygen) Running, jogging, swimming increase blood flow and the oxygenation of tissues. These exercises demand more energy which comes from blood glucose. Following your workout, blood glucose level remains low as the body rebuilds its glucose reserves in the liver.

Anaerobic exercise (without oxygen) Feel the burn!!! Lactic acid fermentation: process where glucose is converted into cell energy without oxygen. The metabolic product is lactic acid. This causes muscles to burn

In Plants: Alcoholic fermentation In the absence of oxygen plants make alcohol!! In Plants: Alcoholic fermentation Alcohol fermentation is the formation of alcohol from sugar If we were plants or bacteria or fungi (yeast) we would make alcohol instead if lactic acid during anaerobic fermentation. Also, lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation produce a lot less energy than aerobic respiration

Alcoholic fermentation C6H12O6 + 2 ADP + P --> 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 + 2 ATP

Lactic acid fermentation C6H12O6 + 2 ADP + P --> 2 C3H5OOH + 2 ATP

Pre-Lab instructions How to record you heart rate: 1. Use you first two fingers to find your pulse in your neck. Look at the second hand on the clock. 2. Count your heart beats for 6 seconds and multiply by 10. This is your heartbeats per minute

Part 1: Record your resting heart rate. “Real” Respiration “Micro” Lab Part 1: Record your resting heart rate. Jump as if you are jumping rope for 20 seconds, immediately record you heart rate. Do the same for your partner.

Part 2 1. Record your resting heart rate. 2. Do deep knee bends until your legs start to burn. Stop and immediately record your pulse rate. 3. Do the same for your lab partner

Lab Questions: 1. Your heart rate changes because the cells in your body need more oxygen. What specific organelle in your cells needs more oxygen? What is this process called? What type of respiration occurred in Part 1? What are your muscle cells using to get their energy? What type of respiration occurred in Part 2? What caused the burning in your legs?

What type of respiration occurred in Part 1? What are your muscle cells using to get their energy? What type of respiration occurred in Part 2? What caused the burning in your legs?

Finish today’s lab Then finish up yesterday’s lab and turn both of them in to the basket! Each person had to fill out a workshe for yesterday’s lab And do today’s lab in pairs –two names on the half worksheet!!

Bellwork: Monday, Oct. 31, 2016 For today’s short lab it is important that you know these two things – so write them down: Anaerobic: means without _____________ Aerobic: means with ____________ Weight lifting is a type of ________________ exercise. Jogging is a type of ___________________ exercise.