Fig. 3. (A) Effect of EP receptor agonists on VEGF production by NPDFs

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Fig. 3. (A) Effect of EP receptor agonists on VEGF production by NPDFs Fig. 3. (A) Effect of EP receptor agonists on VEGF production by NPDFs. CAY10580 increased VEGF production significantly; however, no other EP receptor agonist showed an increase in VEGF production. (B) The effect of EP receptor antagonists on VEGF production. AH23848 decreased VEGF production markedly, but no other EP receptor antagonist elicited a decrease in VEGF production. (C) The effect of PGE2 combined with an EP4 receptor agonist or antagonist on VEGF production by immunofluorescence staining. Strong immunoreactivity for VEGF was observed in NPDF cells treated with PGE2 and CAY10580 by confocal laser scanning microscopy. NPDFs treated with PGE2 and EP4 receptor agonists showed blue-stained nuclei with a greenish cytoplasm (representative of four independent experiments; original magnification, ×200). The means±SE of data from six experiments are shown. *P<0.05 vs. control and †P<0.05 vs. PGE2. PGE2, prostaglandin E2; EP, E-prostanoid; Sulprostone, EP1/3 receptor agonist; Butaprost, EP2 receptor agonist; CAY10580, EP4 receptor agonist; SC51322, EP1 receptor antagonist; AH6809, EP2 receptor antagonist; L-798106, EP3 receptor antagonist; AH23848, EP4 receptor antagonist; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; NPDFs, nasal polyp-derived fibroblasts; SE, standard error. Fig. 3. (A) Effect of EP receptor agonists on VEGF production by NPDFs. CAY10580 increased VEGF production significantly; however, no other EP receptor agonist showed an increase in VEGF production. (B) The effect of EP receptor antagonists on VEGF production. AH23848 decreased VEGF production markedly, but no other EP receptor antagonist elicited a decrease in VEGF . . . Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2013 Jul;5(4):224-231. http://dx.doi.org/10.4168/aair.2013.5.4.224