Dynamic cardiomyoplasty: at the crossroads

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Dynamic cardiomyoplasty: at the crossroads Michael A. Acker, MD The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 68, Issue 2, Pages 750-755 (August 1999) DOI: 10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00454-3

Fig 1 Actuarial survival in Phase II multicenter clinical trial for dynamic cardiomyoplasty (DCMP): Comparison between patients having DCMP and matched reference group. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1999 68, 750-755DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00454-3)

Fig 2 Long-term effects of cardiomyoplasty on cardiac function as seen in pressure–volume relationship. Ventricular pressure–volume loops and relations are shown for each patient at baseline (before cardiomyoplasty) and 1 year after operation. All patients demonstrated a reduction in chamber volume. Vertical arrows show initial end-diastolic volume. (DPVR = diastolic pressure–volume relationship; ESPVR = end-systolic pressure–volume relationship.) (Reproduced from Kass and associates [21] by permission of the American Heart Association.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1999 68, 750-755DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00454-3)

Fig 3 Design of Phase III randomized clinical trial, also known as C-SMART (Cardiomyoplasty–Skeletal Muscle Assist Randomized Trial). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1999 68, 750-755DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00454-3)

Fig 4 Dynamic cardiomyoplasty probably acts by at least two mechanisms to ultimately limit the remodeling process of progressive heart failure. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1999 68, 750-755DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00454-3)