Define the term Jacobins Radical clubs of the French Revolution

Define the term Waterloo Napoleon’s final defeat

Define the term Elba Island where Napoleon was exiled

Define the term Moscow Capital of Russia

Define the term Corsica Birthplace of Napoleon Bonaparte

Define the term Duke of Wellington Leader of the allied armies that defeated Napoleon at Waterloo

Define the term Napoleon Bonaparte Emperor of France

Define the term nationalism The feeling of national unity

Define the term consulate Government under Napoleon before he becomes emperor

Define the term Nantes City where a Catholic revolt broke out during the French Revolution

Define the term Lyon City where a peasant revolt broke out during the French Revolution

Define the term Jean-Paul Marat Writer and leader of the Jacobins

Define the term Maximilien Robespierre Leader of the Committee on Public Safety during the Reign of Terror

Define the term Georges Danton Early leader of Jacobins, who wanted to find counter-revolutionaries

Define the term coup d'état Sudden, violent overthrow of the government

Define the term elector individuals qualified to vote in an election

Define the term faction Differing group

Define the term Paris Capital of France

Define the term Prussia State in what is now modern-day Germany

Define the term Austria Country in central Europe whose capital is Vienna

Define the term Versailles National palace of France

Define the term Olympe de Gouges Playwright who argued for women’s rights during the French Revolution

Define the term Louis XVI King during the French Revolution

Define the term estate Social class of France

Define the term sans-culottes Urban poor of Paris

Define the term bourgeoisie French middle class

Define the term relics of feudalism Aristocratic privileges

What were some of the Long term problems that started the French Revolution? Gap between the wealthy and poor; Relics of Feudalism; Inequitable political representation

Why did the bourgeoisie dislike the estate system? Despite having education and some wealth, they were excluded from the prestige and power of the nobles.

What was the immediate cause of the French Revolution? The financial crisis of 1789 caused the king to call for the assembly of the Estates General.

Why did the Third Estate call for one man one vote? Without it, the Third Estate would always be outvoted.

What prevented the king from using force against the Third Estate? The storming of the Bastille ended royal authority within Paris.

Much of the Declaration of Rights and Man was based on the _________? Enlightenment

What happened to the Catholic Church during the revolution? The church was secularized, its assets seized and priests killed.

Why did Austria declare war on France? Mainly the queen, Marie Antoinette, was a princess of Austria

What was the role of the Paris Commune? They seized control of Paris, ending the Constitution of 1791 and demanded a National Convention.

What were the positions of the Mountain and Girondins concerning the king? The Mountain was in favor of executing the king, while the Girondins favored a limited monarchy

What was the role of the Committee of Public Safety? To administer the war effort and seek out enemies of the revolution.

The Reign of Terror focused most on what people? People suspected of counter-revolutionary activity

Why were the First and Second Estate in favor of new taxes? The nobles and clergy were virtually untaxed, ensuring that almost all of the burden would fall on the Third Estate.

What caused the summoning of the Estates General in 1789 France was near bankruptcy.

How did the Committee of Public Safety try to reform French society? They ended titles, changed the week to ten days, sent out messengers to spread propaganda and spy, and provided price control.

What was the Directory most known for? It was a government known for its corruption and graft.

Why did the French name their government the Consulate? The chief executives were consuls . . . Which was an attempt to reflect the Roman government.

What was a major cause to develop a sense of French nationality? The establishment of a national army to combat foreign invaders

Why was it dangerous to be a “moderate” during the Reign of Terror? Radicals claimed that the revolution must continue and any attempt to establish stability was counter-revolutionary.

How did Napoleon gain control of the French Government? By a coup d’etat

How did Napoleon hurt the rights of women? The legal position of women were hurt by the Civil Code and divorces were more difficult to achieve

Why was Napoleon not accepted by the other officers early in his career? He was provincial (born in Corsica), did not come from wealth and short of stature

How did Napoleon make peace with the Catholic Church? He recognized Catholicism as the “state” religion but was able to keep the church lands taken buy the revolution.

How was Napoleon’s Empire governed? France ruled by him, dependent states ruled by members of his family, and allied states ruled by local officials.

What was the major advantage for Britain against the French? It was an island. Its navy prevented Napoleon from invading.

Why did the Continental System fail? Black market and dealing with the United States allowed Britain to continue to receive supplies.

Why did Nationalism help and hurt Napoleon? French Nationalism unified France, while nationalism in other countries caused rebellions and resistance.

Why did Napoleon attack Russia? He could not afford to allow any allied states to break away for fear others would.