The South Ask students to take a guess as to why some states here are in blue, some green, while most are yellow? This foreshadows the states that will secede from the Union during the Civil War (yellow), as well as the Border States (states that had slavery, but remained in the Union during the War)

Fertile Soil Large Plantations Mild Winters GEOGRAPHY Students have previously done an identically-formatted interactive slideshow titled “The North.” Throughout this presentation, ask students to draw comparisons between the North and the South on topics such as Geography, Population, Economy, etc. I haven’t yet handed back their notes for “The North,” so they’ll have to recall from memory. On “Geography,” ask them why they think things like fertile soil (the North had rocky soil), large plantations (the North had small family farms), and mild winters (the North had cold, harsh winters) might influence the way the South develops. Ultimately, we are trying to answer the question why North and South diverged so dramatically between the time of the country’s founding and the time each side would go to war with the other in the Civil War.

Majority small farmers Only 16% of whites owned slaves POPULATION Smaller than North Majority small farmers Only 16% of whites owned slaves 32% of those living in the South were slaves Again, ask them to draw contrasts to what they learned about the North here

- Cotton -Livestock and Lumber -Tobacco, Rice, and sugar cane ECONOMY Capital invested in Agriculture Dependent on the North for manufacturing - Cotton -Tobacco, Rice, and sugar cane -Livestock and Lumber The north had industry, factories, and a diversity of different kinds of industries. In the south, the wealthy were only investing their capital in two things: land and slaves. Land and slaves. Land and slaves. This slide should be a discussion and mini-lesson in the economics of capitalism. CAPITALISM is an economic system where profits (capital) are reinvested to make your company bigger, stronger, and longer-lasting. Smart capitalists make long-term investments in their future. The fact that the south was NOT investing in any kind of technology put them at a huge disadvantage when they decided to break away in 1860.

Cotton Gin (invented by a Northerner) TECHNOLOGY Limited technology Cotton Gin (invented by a Northerner) Some small mills and factories Kind of continues the discussion from the previous slide about capital investment and technology of the North vs the South. The one notable invention being used in the South (the cotton gin) was ironically invented by a Northerner: Eli Whitney

Not willing to invest in infrastructure Few railroads TRANSPORTATION Not willing to invest in infrastructure Few railroads Few connecting waterways Only a few major ports Charleston, New Orleans Poor roads Again, have students draw comparison to what they learned about the North with its bustling seaports (leads to more trade), and investment in the three different types of transportation (roads, canals, and turnpikes). As students to review their knowledge of ROADS, CANALS, and TURNPIKES. What happens when the South refuses to invest in these infrastructure improvements?

Mostly one religion: Protestant (mostly Anglicans and Baptists) CULTURE A genteel society (based on Medieval Europe) Education only for the elite Class System Slavery and Slave Codes Widespread communities Help them discover the definition of the word GENTEEL. Also, compare their education system to that of the North (Northern states are beginning to establish public schools during this period). Ask students what a class system is. They should remember the class system from their study of medieval Europe last year in seventh grade history. Finally, ask students what impact a lack of religious diversity might have had on the development of Southern culture. Mostly one religion: Protestant (mostly Anglicans and Baptists)