Chapter 13 Review BINGO! As each answer is revealed, mark your Bingo card with an X if you have the term. Five X’s in a row and your have BINGO = Bonus points!

Fought in 732 A.D. in France between the Christian Franks and the Muslim Moors. Battle of Tours

Describes the Feudal system where government was split and local powers had a lot of power. Decentralized Decentralized systems are weak by nature and generally plagued by internal conflict. It is difficult to get all the parts to work as one. BUT decentralized systems can be good in terms of more individual freedoms. THE United States is centralized but has some powers reserved for the states as part of our Constitution.

A Germanic King of the Franks who allied with the church to increase his power and united the Franks under his reign. Clovis

The second Stage of knighthood. Squire A squire generally started at age 14 and accompanied the knight into battle. A squire needed to care for the knight’s weapons, armor, and horses.

The “light” in the Darkness The “light” in the Darkness. These religious communities were the centers of learning and education during the Middle Ages Monastery A convent was the same as a Monastery with the exception that convents were for women (nuns) and monastery were for men (monks).

Church Law. Cannon Law During the Middle Ages, breaking Cannon Laws could get you killed as there was no separation between church and state!

A lesser lord – who has sworn an oath to a higher power in the Feudal System. Vassal

Religious officials. Clergy

The “Hammer” – this Frankish General (Mayor of the Palace) saved Christian Europe from invading Moors from Spain and North Africa. Charles Martel The Battle of Tours in 732.

A mounted warrior – the most powerful elite warriors of the Middle Ages. Knight

Charles the Great – the first Holy Roman Emperor crowned by the pope in 800 A.D. Charlemagne

Pope in 590 A.D. who “secularized” the papacy. Gregory I Pope Gregory made the office of the pope (the papacy) a secular or worldly power involved in war and politics.

Scandinavian Raiders who helped cause the development of the Feudal system! Vikings Famous for more than Raiding, the Vikings were the first Europeans to make it to the New World and had a vast network of traders throughout Europe, Africa and Southwest Asia!

A worker on the manor – “tied” to the land but not a slave. Serf

Non-religious or “worldly.” Secular

A Noble or someone with higher social status/power over you. Lord

A piece of land or something of value given by a lord to the vassal. fief Fiefs generally needed to produce an income such as a piece of land or the right to collect certain taxes in order for the vassal receiving it to supply his lord with an army.

The capital of the Byzantine Empire? Constantinople

A decentralized system of government based on land ownership, heredity, and oaths of loyalty. Feudalism

A church power to “kick out” a person. Excommunication

The basic economic unit of the Middle Ages – largely self-sufficient. Manor Manorialism was the basic economy of the Early Middle Ages as each community needed to produce the basic necessities of life themselves, from tools, to clothes, to food.

A church tax. Tithe

A competition between knights to polish their warrior skills and win riches, honor, and glory. Tournament

The knight’s code of conduct to always act with honor, be brave, and courageous. Chivalry

The first step in becoming a knight – started at age 7. Page A Page first learned to SERVE and waited on the needs of the noble house they lived in. Humility is an important quality in developing good leaders. A page needed to be able to THINK but reading and writing was not necessary – to teach them to outthink their opponent they learned CHESS!

An epic poem of Medieval Times The Song of Roland Set during the reign of Charlemagne and tells the story of his wars against the Muslim Moors of Spain.

To emphasize the power of the Church during the Middle Ages, it can be referred to as this: An Age of Faith

The right of kings and rulers to appoint the bishops in their lands. Lay Investiture This practice led to a lot of corruption in the Catholic Church as powerful positions such as being a bishop was often something that a noble might want only for the power and not for reasons of faith.

Pope who excommunicated the Holy Roman Emperor in 1076 causing the Lay Investiture controvercy. Gregory VII

Holy Roman Emperor who was excommunicated by the Pope for trying to make the pope step down over lay investiture. Henry IV

The agreement which settled the Lay Investiture controversy. The Concordat of Worms This agreement said that the Pope could pick the Bishops but that the Holy Roman Emperor could veto the appointment.