Green belt development for better CPI: Battambang, Cambodia International Training Course 2015 Urban Policies and Planning Strategies for Achieving Prosperity in Cities 3-17 July 2015, Republic of Korea ByThuon Try Department of NRM-D, Faculty of Development Studies Royal University of Phnom, Cambodia Organized by International Urban Training Center (IUTC)&UN Habitat

INTRODUCTION TO Battambang

Location Battambang municipality is the central and provincial town of Battambang Province.

Location The town covers an area of 11,544 ha. Cultivated areas with 8557.5 ha, construction land areas (ha) with 2,869.7 and other land with 116.6 ha.

Demography Population by 2010 Shows 142,878 (female: 68,824) No Sangkat Total Land (km2) Population Density/sq/km 1 Tuol Ta Ek 3.77 16,182 4,288 2 Preaek Preah Sdach 2.9 12,779 4,407 3 Rottanak 6.79 13,877 2,044 4 Chamkar Samraong 9.18 16,075 1,751 5 Sla Kaet 7.47 6,713 899 6 Kdol Doun Teav 9.06 9,389 1,037 7 Ou Mal 37.74 10,398 276 8 Vaot Kor 24.94 18,232 731 9 Ou Char 11.17 21,475 1,921 10 Svay Pao 2.42 17,758 7,304 Total:   573 142,878

Population projection to 2020

Result of the CPI (graphs)

Result of the CPI (graphs), identify problem areas is need for current decentralisation reform. Productivity: Economic strength below 50%, employment: 19% Infrastructure: ICT is not well performed due to recent integration, while road connectivity is well performed but will need to expense more due to urbanisation expansion. Quality of life is overall good performance, but public health services need to be improved Equity and social inclusion: high performance for gender and economic equity, but poor social inclusion (30%). Environmental sustainability: Good air quality and wasted management, but poor performance of renewable energy. Governance and political support: Overall is good, but tax collection is low with 20%. This means more power and functional delegation.

Scenarios of the CPI CPI Last Year Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Productivity   CPI Last Year Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Productivity 28.75 54.35 59.41 Infrastructure Development 49.10 57.20 68.09 Quality of Life 75.56 78.77 84.02 Equity and Social Inclusion 54.85 53.45 59.45 Environmental Sustainability 49.82 66.48 84.74 Urban Governance and Legislation 53.28 55.83 88.24 City Prosperity Index 49.95 60.41 72.98

Problem identification & periodization Infrastructure and productivity Battambang in recent years has reactivated its strategy to take advantage of its location to become an economic and trading center. Infrastructure plays an important role for economic activities and human interaction, social inclusion which includes: National road No.5 connecting municipality to other provinces, Phnom Penh and Thailand. National road No.57 connecting No.5 and other urban areas. National railway: connecting from Phnom Penh to other parts of the country and borders. Battambang air port is situated close to the urban center but not working since 2003. Key priority infrastructure to be selected is the canals surrounded the city which serves as greenbelt of the city.

SWOT analysis (optional) ASPECT PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT   Strength Priority of the provincial authority and municipality Political support from national government Key production areas of agriculture and road connectivity to other districts. Weaknesses Local community participation and contribution Inter-institutional coordination with national and subnational level Technical and financial capacity of municipality officials. Opportunity Green belt development for city for both domestic and foreign tourists (connecting from Ek Phnom to Banan temple without going inside the town). Flood control and waste water treatment areas before releasing for agricultural purposes. Fresh water available for domestic use, agriculture production, livestock raising, tree plantation along the canals parallel with roads, to facilitate traffic congestion from the town as well as the increase the volume of transportation for agricultural products. Threats Resettlement and compensation for affected people Land use planning and development controlling

Objective Setting - Goal Setting To renovate Seima canal system in order to facilitate economic productivity and infrastructure connectivity of the city.

The canal system The canal extends across six Sangkat and two national roads (No.5 and No.57). This canal is an important backbone drainage and flood management facility for the town. The core group has envisioned that this canal would become a green belt surrounding the town with multiple community and economic uses. There is also a need to construct wastewater treatment facilities at the lower end of the canal before releasing water into agricultural zones and also to regulate illegal migrant resettlement along the canal system.

Strategy To develop green belt of city by renovating multi-purpose canal system for fresh water available for domestic use : agriculture production, livestock raising, tree plantation along the canals parallel with roads To facilitate traffic congestion from the town as well as the increase the volume of transportation for agricultural products.

Strategic Actions and Activities Enlarge main canals and road side with 20 meter with 6.5m road both side and 7 meter of main canal. The whole canal will serve as green belt of city, connecting Ek Phnom to Banan temple. Canal – constructed wetlands along canal Establishing new waste water treatment areas at Kray Poan Tree plantation along the canals parallel with roads Recreation and tourism green walkway along canal Establish constructed wetlands and appropriate locations

Canal – constructed wetlands along canal Currently, many pond serve as wetland to retain flood and purify waste water that need to be expanded.

Strategic Actions and Activities Institutional and Capacity Development Regulate illegal resettlements on the canal system Establish Farmer Water User Community (FWUC) Capacity building to member of technical core group Building development controls and safeguards for canal zone

Potential key source of funding Government through local development (3000 meter long) Irrigation service fee from farmer water user group, domestic water supply, recreation. External fund needed with an estimation of $10 million (both grant and loan).

Stakeholder and mechanism Established technical working group with key experts form different department in order to evaluate bidding, to provide ideas, to monitor and follow up the construction process. Establish water user community to maintain the canal system with cooperation with technical working whose representative from different provincial department. Need political support from local authority and technical and financial from development partners and stakeholders. Need to have regular capacity building to member of technical working group and local community to ensure the effectiveness of the adaptation action implementation. Need public private partnership cooperation.

Thanks You!