Outlining the Causes of the Civil War With a partner outline the first section of chapter 13 and answer the ‘Quick Review” question This outline will not be collected, it will be part of your notes. You have 45 minutes to complete this task. Be prepared to have a discussion on this section at the end of class.

The 1850s: Road to Secession

Antebellum Southern Society

Characteristics of the Antebellum South Primarily agrarian. Economic power shifted from the “upper South” to the “lower South.” “Cotton Is King!” * 1860 - 5 mil. bales a yr. (57% of total US exports). Very slow development of industrialization. Rudimentary financial system. Inadequate transportation system.

Southern Pro-Slavery Propaganda

Problems of Sectional Balance in 1850 * California statehood. * Southern “fire-eaters” threatening secession. * Underground RR & fugitive slave issues: Personal liberty laws Prigg v. Pennsylvania (1842) http://www.oyez.org/cases/1792-1850/1842/1842_0

Frederick Douglass (1817-1895) 1845 - The Narrative of the Life Of Frederick Douglass 1847 - “The North Star” 7

Sojourner Truth (1787-1883) or Isabella Baumfree 1850 - The Narrative of Sojourner Truth 8

Harriet Tubman (1820-1913) “Moses” Helped over 300 slaves to freedom. $40,000 bounty on her head. Served as a Union spy during the Civil War. “Moses” 9

Leading Escaping Slaves Along the Underground Railroad 10

The Underground Railroad 11

The Underground Railroad “Conductor” ==== leader of the escape “Passengers” ==== escaping slaves “Tracks” ==== routes “Trains” ==== farm wagons transporting the escaping slaves “Depots” ==== safe houses to rest/sleep 12

Compromise of 1850

Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811 – 1896) So this is the lady who started the Civil War. --Abraham Lincoln

Uncle Tom’s Cabin 1852 Sold 300,000 copies in the first year. 2 million in a decade!

Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 1852

The “Know-Nothings” [The American Party] * Nativists. * Anti-Catholics. * Anti-immigrants. 1849 - Secret Order of the Star-Spangled Banner created in NYC.

1852 Presidential Election Franklin Pierce Gen. Winfield Scott John Parker Hale Democrat Whig Free Soil

1852 Election Results

Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854

Border “Ruffians” (pro-slavery Missourians) “Bleeding Kansas” Border “Ruffians” (pro-slavery Missourians)

“The Crime Against Kansas” Sen. Charles Sumner (R-MA) Congr. Preston Brooks (D-SC)

John Brown: Madman, Hero or Martyr? Mural in the Kansas Capitol building by John Steuart Curry (20c)

Birth of the Republican Party, 1854 * Northern Whigs. * Northern Democrats. * Free-Soilers. * Know-Nothings. * Other miscellaneous opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

1856 Presidential Election James Buchanan John C. Frémont Millard Fillmore Democrat Republican Whig

1856 Election Results

Dred Scott v. Sanford, 1857

A House divided against itself, cannot stand. The Lincoln-Douglas (Illinois Senate) Debates, 1858 A House divided against itself, cannot stand.

Stephen Douglas & the Freeport Doctrine Popular Sovereignty?

John Brown’s Raid on Harper’s Ferry, 1859

1860 Presidential Election Abraham Lincoln Republican John Bell Constitutional Union Stephen A. Douglas Northern Democrat John C. Breckinridge Southern Democrat

Republican Party Platform in 1860 * Non-extension of slavery [for the Free-Soilers. * Protective tariff [for the No. Industrialists]. * No abridgment of rights for immigrants [a disappointment for the “Know-Nothings”]. * Government aid to build a Pacific RR [for the Northwest]. * Internal improvements [for the West] at federal expense. * Free homesteads for the public domain [for farmers].

1860 Election:3 “Outs” & 1 ”Run!”

1860 Election: A Nation Coming Apart?!

1860 Election Results

Secession!: SC - Dec. 20, 1860

Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861

The Causes of the Civil War Part 1 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=blNSI2taJr0 Part 2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7OICSXYMB7M