Unit 11

Section 1

Cold War American Response Berlin Crisis Define: Who is Stalin? Iron Curtain: American Response Truman Doctrine: Marshall Plan: Berlin Crisis What happened? Solution -

Stalin controlled Eastern Europe Iron Curtain Cold War Bitter rivalry between US and USSR after WWII. Stalin controlled Eastern Europe Set up Soviet- friendly communists governments Iron Curtain Term for Soviet controlled Eastern Europe

American Response Truman Doctrine The Marshall Plan Containment of Communism – George F. Kennan The Marshall Plan Aid/Money to keep countries form turning to Soviets

Berlin Crisis Berlin Airlift NATO Soviets cut off West Berlin Brought supplies to West Berlin Soviets lifted blockade NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization Response to Soviets

Section 2

Life in the US Elections 2nd Red Scare GI Bill : Baby Boom: Desegregation of Military: Elections 1946 Midterm Outcome: 1948 Outcome: 2nd Red Scare HUAC: McCarthyism:

1946 Congressional Elections GI Bill Money for soldiers Home loans Money for college or job training Baby Boom Two decades after WWII with increased birthrate Executive Order 9981 Desegregation of military Truman 1946 Congressional Elections Rep. took control First since 1930 Truman didn’t help

Democrats Split Republicans Liberal Democrats Southern Democrats Progressive Party Henry Wallace Southern Democrats Dixiecrats Strom Thurmond Democrats Harry Truman Fair Deal WINNER! Republicans Thomas Dewey

United Nations Replaced League of Nations US Joined Power?

Fear of Communism Soviet Atomic Bombs Threat of China Chiang Kai-shek Friend of US Mao Zedong Led communist takeover of China

Fighting Communism at Home House Un-American Activities Committee Investigate to find communists Hollywood Ten Refused investigation, arrested Smith Act Crime to call for overthrow of government McCarran Act Communist organizations must register with government Alger Hiss Accused of being a spy

McCarthyism Senator Joseph McCarthy Led a Communists witch hunt Appealed to people Eventually faded

Section 3

Korean War Fighting Panmunjom Divided Inchon Landing: Joins. Settle on How? When? Fighting Inchon Landing: ● Joins. Settle on Parallel Panmunjom Negotiations Outcome: Did we win? Lose? Why?

Korea had been divided UN sends troops Japanese conquered before war Divided between North and South 38th parallel North – Soviet South – Allied/ US / UN UN sends troops Mostly US Gen. Douglas MacArthur

Fighting Inchon landing UN recaptures Seoul Surprise behind the line attack by MacArthur UN recaptures Seoul Capital UN continues offensive into North China joins on the side of the North Very large force UN must pull back MacArthur Fired UN forces push back to 38th parallel

Fighting Ends Panmunjom Failed negotiations Korean looked much like it had before the war

Section 4

Election of 1952 Cold War Activity Hot Spots Outcome: Dulles: Khrushchev? Warsaw Pact Geneva Summit: Hot Spots Vietnam? Eisenhower Doctrine:

Adlai Stevenson Democrat Dwight D. Eisenhower Republican “I Like Ike” WINNER! VP – Richard Nixon Accused of taking money Checkers Speech

John Foster Dulles Nikita Khrushchev Warsaw Pact Geneva Summit 1955 Sec. of State for Eisenhower Brinkmanship Build up of weapons to get to edge of war without fighting it CIA Nikita Khrushchev Took over after Stalin’s death communist Warsaw Pact Soviet led alliance between communist countries of Eastern Europe Geneva Summit 1955 Open skies to see weapons - rejected U-2 Plane

Hot Spots Eisenhower Doctrine Vietnam France lost control SEATO US helped create anti-communist South Vietnam Eisenhower Doctrine US would help any Middle East Nation upon request Helped Israel Soviets backed Egypt over Aswan Dam issue

Section 5

Atomic Weapons New Technology Economic Boom: Hydrogen Bomb Different? Duck and Cover Purpose: New Technology Sputnik: NASA: TV: Salk Vaccine: Economic Boom:

Hydrogen Bomb Arms Race Duck and Cover Easier to launch ICBMs USS Nautilus – nuclear submarine Duck and Cover Taught children what to do if attacked Everyday life was with fear

Sputnik Soviet satellite Congress Responds NASA Space Race

Television Salk Vaccine Shaped American culture Polio vaccine Politics as well Salk Vaccine Polio vaccine

50’s were a time of prosperity Levittown Increased consumerism and Advertising Levittown Suburban developments Often purchased with money from GI Bill Sunbelt Many began to migrate to southern states Interstate Highway System Connected the country Military use if needed