The SyMPL approach applied to Staphylococcus aureus JE2. The SyMPL approach applied to Staphylococcus aureus JE2. (A) Propagation of minicircles (pEPSA5MC and pEPSA5SynJE2MC) lacking Dcm-methylated sites within SyMPL-producer strain E. coli JMC1. (B) Comparison of SyngenicDNA and pEPSA5-based SyMPL plasmid transformation efficiency (cfu/µg DNA) with JE2. (C) Secondary analysis of SyngenicDNA and pEPSA5-based SyMPL plasmid transformation efficiencies in cfu/pmol DNA. Data are means ± SEM from nine independent experiments (three biological replicates with three technical replicates each). Christopher D. Johnston et al. PNAS 2019;116:23:11454-11459 ©2019 by National Academy of Sciences