Mesenteric dysfunction after cardiopulmonary bypass: role of complement C5a Motohisa Tofukuji, MD, PhD, Gregory L Stahl, PhD, Caroline Metais, MD, Mikio.

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Mesenteric dysfunction after cardiopulmonary bypass: role of complement C5a Motohisa Tofukuji, MD, PhD, Gregory L Stahl, PhD, Caroline Metais, MD, Mikio Tomita, PhD, Azin Agah, PhD, Cesario Bianchi, MD, PhD, Mitchell P Fink, MD, Frank W Sellke, MD The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 69, Issue 3, Pages 799-807 (March 2000) DOI: 10.1016/S0003-4975(99)01408-3

Fig 1 In vitro responses of precontracted ileal microvessels to the endothelium-dependent vasodilator ADP from control pigs, and pigs in the saline and C5a MAb groups. Responses are expressed as % relaxation of U46619-induced precontraction. (ADP = adenosine 5′-diphosphate. † p less than 0.05 versus control and C5a MAb groups at 10−6 M ADP.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2000 69, 799-807DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)01408-3)

Fig 2 In vitro responses of precontracted ileal microvessels to the endothelium-dependent vasodilator substance P from control pigs and pigs in the saline and C5a MAb groups. Responses are expressed as % relaxation of U46619-induced precontraction. ∗ p less than 0.01 and † p less than 0.05 versus control and C5a MAb groups at 10−7 and 10−8 M substance P. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2000 69, 799-807DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)01408-3)

Fig 3 In vitro responses of precontracted ileal microvessels to the endothelium-independent cyclic GMP-mediated vasodilator SNP from control pigs and pigs in the saline and C5a MAb groups. Responses are expressed as % relaxation of U46619-induced precontraction. (SNP = sodium nitroprusside.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2000 69, 799-807DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)01408-3)

Fig 4 In vitro responses of precontracted ileal microvessels to the endothelium-independent cyclic AMP-mediated vasodilator isoproterenol from control pigs and pigs in the saline and C5a MAb groups. Responses are expressed as % relaxation of U46619-induced precontraction. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2000 69, 799-807DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)01408-3)

Fig 5 In vitro contraction responses of noncontracted ileal microvessels to phenylephrine from control pigs and pigs in the saline and C5a MAb groups. Responses are expressed as % diameter change of base line diameter. Minus denotes contraction. † p less than 0.05 versus control and C5a MAb groups. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2000 69, 799-807DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)01408-3)

Fig 6 In vitro contraction responses of noncontracted ileal microvessels to the PKC activator phorbol ester (10 μmol/L) from control pigs and pigs in the saline and C5a MAb groups. Responses are expressed as % diameter change of base line diameter over time. Minus denotes contraction. † p less than 0.05 versus control and C5a MAb groups. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2000 69, 799-807DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)01408-3)

Fig 7 Ileal content of iNOS protein (Western blotting) in control pigs and pigs in saline and C5a MAb groups. B-actin was used to evaluate proper protein loading and transfer. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2000 69, 799-807DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)01408-3)

Fig 8 Expression of iNOS mRNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in the ileum of control pigs and pigs in saline and C5a Mab groups. GAPDH was used to determine equal RT-PCR reaction among groups. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2000 69, 799-807DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)01408-3)