Do Now Go to Page 414 Do the OPTIC Steps in your notebook

Empires in Western Africa Mr. Wood World History 101

Essential Question and Standards How did the leaders, trade and technology affect life in Africa? 11.10.2- Explain how trade was a source of power and wealth in the rise and fall of the West African Kingdoms.

Objective Describe how Ghana began as an Empire Explain the importance of the Gold-Salt Trade in Ghana

Before we go to West Africa- Let’s go back to Yale! http://oyc.yale.edu/history-art/hsar-252/lecture-2

Readings Empire of Ghana- p. 413-5 Empire of Mali- p. 415-7 Empire of Songhai- p. 417

What to do today Today Tomorrow Empire of Ghana- p. 413-5 Cornell Notes- Lecture on Ghana Begin reading Empire of Mali- p. 415-7

Ticket Out How were gold and salt important to the Ghana empire?

Do Now Describe what the Gold-Salt trade was and why it was important to The Empire of Ghana.

Objective Describe how Ghana began and fell as an Empire Explain the importance of the Gold-Salt Trade in Ghana Describe how Islam’s influence on the Empire of Ghana Use and synthesize book and lecture notes into a body paragraph

What to do today Yesterday Empire of Ghana- p. 413-4 Cornell Notes- Lecture on Empire of Ghana Begin writing Paragraph- Empire of Ghana - W/ Book + Lecture Notes

Read and write 2-3 thoughts that stick out to you about the text "The King adorns himself … he puts on a high cap decorated with gold and wrapped in a turban of fine cotton. He holds an audience in a domed pavilion around which stand ten horses covered with gold- embroidered materials…and on his right, are the sons of the vassal kings of his country, wearing splendid garments and their hair plaited with gold. At the door of the pavilion are dogs of excellent pedigree. Round their necks they wear collars of gold and silver, studded with a number of balls of the same metals.” 10th century geographer Al-Bakri, quoted in Corpus of Early Arabic Sources for West African History.

Empire of Ghana 5th Century Berber Muslims cross desert to trade- Gold in West Africa Empire of Ghana forms from trade A.D. 800- 1076 Also trade other goods Capital- Kumbi Saleh

Islam Influence and the Fall of Ghana Islam spreads with traders in Ghana Capital of Kumbi Saleh Muslims + Native beliefs Decline- Lost trading monopoly – new Gold Mines Drought Almoravid take over??

Ticket out How did of Ghana rise and fall?

Do Now O P T I C

Objective Explain the rise and fall of Mali Describe the role of the strong leaders Sundiata and Mansa Musa in Mali

Book Notes- Empire of Mali Empire of Mali- p. 415-7 Cornell Notes

What to do today Today Empire of Mali- p. 415-7 Tomorrow Empire of Mali- p. 415-7 Maybe?? Begin lecture on Mali Lecture on Mali Begin writing Mali paragraph

Ticket Out Who do you think was a better ruler Sundiata or Mansa Musa? Why? Give 2-3 reasons

Do Now How does Education help a society advance?

Objective Explain the rise and fall of Mali Describe the role of the strong leaders Sundiata and Mansa Musa in Mali Use and synthesize book and lecture notes into a body paragraph

What to do today Today Lecture on Mali Begin writing Mali paragraph Tomorrow Lecture on Mali Begin writing Mali paragraph Reading on Empire of Songhai, P. 417 Beginning of Lecture on Songhai

The Rise of the Empire of Mali + Timbuktu Mail Rose after Ghana fell Emperor Sundiata unites clans, Brings Islam - Controls Gold + Salt Trade Timbuktu becomes focal city for trade and education -3 Universities- Book Writing + Producing - Timbuktu- like Baghdad on the silk road city- “Gold road”

Mansa Musa Brings back strong central Government to Mali Makes many stunning buildings- many mosques - Brought Arab Scholars to Timbuktu Made Pilgrimage to Mecca - Gave much gold away

Decline and Fall of Mali Declined in the 1400’s Weak rulers who followed Mansa Musa Raids by neighboring groups By 1500 fell and Songhai Empire began http://www.youtube.com/wat ch?v=2oag1eE2qMw - 18:50

Ticket Out Give two details about: Timbuktu Mansa Musa

Do Now O P T I C

Objective How did the Songhai Empire rise and fall with leaders like Sunni Ali and Askia Muhammad Use and synthesize book and lecture notes into a body paragraph

What to do today Yesterday Empire of Mali p. 415-7- work time Lecture on Mali Empire of Songhai- p. 417 - Due tomorrow Lecture on the Songhai Empire

Sunni Ali and The Songhai Empire Songhai were ruled by Mali Pay taxes + kneeled to kings Sunni Ali rises to power Uses navy to control river, army to take the cities - Conquers Timbuktu - Creates dominant empire, but very violent

Peak of the Songhai and Their Fall Askia Muhammad overthrows Sunni Ali’s son Begins golden age of Songhai Empire - Peace and stability – strong central government After he dies, + falls

Ticket Out Four correct answers and we can go!!