Ceramics materials The general definitions of ceramic materials are nonmetallic and inorganic solid materials. Oxides: Aluminum oxide (Al2O3), Copper Oxide (CuO), Titanium oxide (TiO2), Silicon oxide (SiO2). Nitrides: silicon nitride (Si3N4), Titanium nitride (TiN). Carbides: silicon Carbide (SiC), Titanium Carbide (TiC).

General properties Ceramics materials: These materials are composed at least from two elements and often their structure more complex than metals. Atomic bonding in ceramics ranges from purely ionic to totally covalent, or may be combination of these two bonds. Their structure of may be crystalline or noncrystalline. Ceramics materials are relatively stiff, strong, and very hard. They are very brittle (lack of ductility), therefore are highly susceptible to fracture. However, properties of ceramics are improved to have resistance to fracture.

These materials are insulators to both of heat and electricity, where have low electrical conductivities. Have high resistance to elevated temperatures and harsh environment than metals and polymers. ceramics may be transparent, translucent, or opaque to the light rays. Some of oxide ceramics e. g. iron oxide (Fe3O4) exhibit magnetic behavior, and some as (CuO) has high temperature superconductors (materials with almost no electrical resistance).

Polymeric materials Polymer is a large molecule, or macromolecules, composed of many repeat subunits, known as monomers, often chainlike in nature. Many of polymeric materials are organic compounds that are chemically based on carbon, hydrogen, and other nonmetallic elements as (O, N, and Si). Polyethylene (PE) Nylon Poly vinyl chloride (PVC) Polycarbonat (PC) Polystyrene (PS) Silicon rubber