Fig. 2. Effect of endurance training on gene expression, and protein content and activity in heart muscle. Effect of endurance training on gene expression,

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Fig. 3. Effect of NH4Cl (0 or 30 mM) on percentage of motile spermatozoa and VAP after 1 and 5 min after activation. Effect of NH4Cl (0 or 30 mM) on percentage.

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Fig. 2. Effect of endurance training on gene expression, and protein content and activity in heart muscle. Effect of endurance training on gene expression, and protein content and activity in heart muscle. The mRNA levels of cathepsin K (UT, n=10; T, n=10; P=0.0288) and plasminogen (UT, n=10; T, n=10; P=0.0005) were higher in the heart muscle (ventricle) of trained rats than in untrained rats. There were no significant between-group differences in the mRNA levels of tropoelastin (UT, n=10; T, n=10) and elastase (UT, n=10; T, n=10). Elastin protein concentrations (UT, n=10; T, n=9; P=0.000022) were significantly higher in trained rats than in untrained rats. The activities of proteolytic enzymes did not differ between groups (UT, n=10; T, n=10). The experiments were performed in duplicates, except for elastin protein concentration which was made in single repetition. Error bars express s.d. Mann–Whitney test was used for comparisons. *P≤0.05; ***P≤0.001; ****P≤0.0001. Anna Gilbert et al. Biology Open 2016;bio.017459 © 2016. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd