Subatomic particles in ions:

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Presentation transcript:

Subatomic particles in ions: When atoms gain electrons they become to negative ions (anions): Neutral atom: Cl 0 (17 p+ + 17 e- ) Ion: Cl 1- (17 p+ + 18 e - )

Subatomic particles in ions: When atoms lose electrons they become to positive ions (cations): Neutral atom: Na 0 (11 p+ + 11 e - ) Ion: Na 1+ (11 p+ + 10 e - )

Li Li 6 3 6 3 A neutral atom of lithium has 3 protons and 3 electrons When lithium reacts, it typically looses one electron; giving it 3 protons and 2 electrons Lithium ION: 3 protons (3 +) and 2 electrons (2-) Now has a NET charge of (1+) 1 + Li 3 6

If no charge here: NEUTRAL ATOM (same number of protons as electrons) Li 3 6 If no charge here: NEUTRAL ATOM (same number of protons as electrons) 1 + Li 3 6 If charge here: ION Positive charge = more protons than electrons. Negative charge = more electrons than protons.

Na S Al 11 23 + 11 protons; 10 electrons; 12 neutrons. 16 32 2- 13 27 3+ 13 protons; 10 electrons; 14 neutrons.

How Many Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons? Prot. Neut. Elect. N 7 14 3- 7 7 10 Ca 20 41 2+ 20 21 18 Cl 17 33 1- 17 16 18