Fig. 3 E. faecalis and E. lenta Dadh predict l-dopa metabolism in complex human gut microbiotas. E. faecalis and E. lenta Dadh predict l-dopa metabolism.

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Fig. 3 E. faecalis and E. lenta Dadh predict l-dopa metabolism in complex human gut microbiotas. E. faecalis and E. lenta Dadh predict l-dopa metabolism in complex human gut microbiotas. (A) Metabolism of l-dopa by cocultures of E. faecalis and E. lenta strains cocultured for 48 hours with 1 mM d3-phenyl-l-dopa or 1 mM dopamine. Results are mean ± SEM (n = 3 replicates). (B) Metabolism of d3-phenyl-l-dopa by 19 unrelated human gut microbiota samples ex vivo. Samples were cultured anaerobically with d3-phenyl-l-dopa (1 mM) for 72 hours. Results are mean concentration ± SEM (n = 3 replicates). (C) The abundance of tyrDC predicts l-dopa decarboxylation in human gut microbiota samples. Data represent the average tyrDC abundance (as assessed with qPCR) across the three replicates for samples in (B). Results are mean ± SEM (****P < 0.0001, one tailed Mann-Whitney test). (D) The abundance of E. faecalis (as assessed with qPCR) predicts l-dopa decarboxylation in human gut microbiota samples. Each data point is the average abundance across three biological replicates for each sample shown in (B). Results are mean ± SEM (****P < 0.0001, one-tailed Mann-Whitney test). (E) Dopamine dehydroxylation by gut microbiota samples of 15 unrelated individuals. Samples were cultured for 48 hours with 0.5 mM dopamine. Bars are mean ± SEM of n = 6 for low reducers (<50%) and n = 9 for high reducers (>50%) (*** P = 0.0002, one tailed Mann-Whitney test). (F) Dadh abundance does not correlate with dehydroxylation by human gut microbiotas. Data represent qPCR with Dadh-specific primers. Each data point is the dadh abundance in each sample shown in (E). Bars represent the mean and SE. (G) Dadh sequence variants predict dopamine dehydroxylation ex vivo. Full-length dadh from each culture in (E) was sequenced by using primers specific for the region containing position 506. Samples in which a mix of variants were present (n = 5) were removed. Bars represent the mean and SEM [n = 3 for samples encoding the Arg506 Dadh variant, n = 7 for samples encoding the Ser506 Dadh variant., n = 3 for DSM2243, and n = 3 for A2] (** P = 0.0083, one-tailed Mann-Whitney test, CGC samples versus AGC samples). Vayu Maini Rekdal et al. Science 2019;364:eaau6323 Copyright © 2019, American Association for the Advancement of Science