Volume 69, Issue 5, Pages (March 2006)

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Volume 69, Issue 5, Pages 785-787 (March 2006) Expression of Toll-like receptors in the kidney: their potential role beyond infection B. Schroppel, J.C. He Kidney International Volume 69, Issue 5, Pages 785-787 (March 2006) DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5000190 Copyright © 2006 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 ‘Danger signals’ caused by ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury, alloimmune response, or therapeutic interventions to influence gene expression have the potential to serve or release ligands, which activate Toll-like receptors (TLRs) expressed along the nephron. This leads to upregulation of kidney-derived proinflammatory chemokines and cytokines, attracting effector cells and causing renal dysfunction. TIRAP, Toll–interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor protein; TRIF, Toll–interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing interferon-β. Kidney International 2006 69, 785-787DOI: (10.1038/sj.ki.5000190) Copyright © 2006 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions