Agenda To Get: To Do: Reading and guided notes from the back shelf Opener questions Definitions Guided Notes – Personal Space and Attribution Video examples and discussion

Opener Video https://youtu.be/mvUPLN_eaVw 1. At what point did people get uncomfortable, by the proximity of a stranger, in the student-made video? 2. Did gender or attractiveness play a difference in reactions of those whose space was “invaded?” Y or N and explain… 3. Based on YOUR personality, would you be able to conduct a similar experiment? Why or why not?

Define Terms – 10-15 minutes Personal Space Proxemics Intimate distance Personal distance Social distance Public distance Attribution External cause Internal cause Situational Demands Fundamental attributional error Actor-observer bias Self-handicapping

Personal Space – Invisible Boundaries Personal Space – each person has an “invisible bubble” that is private and subject to personal control Regulating personal space affects many social interactions Proxemics – systematic study of rules for the use of personal space Four Basic Zones Intimate Personal Social Public

Affected by cultural differences Spatial Norms Affected by cultural differences Consistent and shows your relationships with other people People of different nationalities can both be uncomfortable in social situations Why? One person may feel the other is too familiar while the other feels rejected Face-to-face interactions – N. America Intimate Most private/personal Up to 18 inches out from the skin Reserved for special people/circumstances Lovemaking, comforting, cuddling children Personal Comfortable interaction with friends 1.5 to 4 feet Within “arms reach” Social Impersonal business/Casual social gatherings 4-6 feet Eliminates touching/formal conversation with voice projection Public Formal interactions 12 feet or further People must raise voices to speak and be heard

Name four people in your life that would fit into these four categories and explain your relationship to them… 1. 2. 3. 4.

Proxemics BBC https://youtu.be/sgJ24hknbHs

Proximics Cultural – answer questions as you WATCH. https://youtu

What cultures?! Standing in Line https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=du_in3hl12Q Japanese Train Packers https://youtu.be/E7kor5nHtZQ

Social Perception-Behind the Mask Attribution – guessing how people will act from limited information We attribute people’s behavior to various causes Right or wrong, our conclusions affect how WE act Attribution Theory External cause – lies outside a person (reaction to environment) Internal cause – lie within a person (needs/personality traits) To understand social behavior we must consider the attributions we make

Making Attributions When making attributions we are sensitive to how consistent and distinctive person’s behavior is. Consistent – changes very little when observed on many different occasions Distinctiveness – behavior occurs only under specific circumstances How do you know if someone dislikes you? (or is not interested beyond a casual acquaintance?) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sMnl6gd1VfE To deduce: we take into account the behavior of the actor (person of interest, the object the person’s action is directed toward, and the setting (social or physical environment) When we make attributions we are sensitive to situational demands affecting others’ behavior (funeral, classroom, new school, hanging out with friends) Consensus – when many people act alike = external factor

As actors we tend to find external explanations for our own behavior Actor and Observer Seldom know reason’s for other’s actions, thus, we infer cause from circumstance – risks misinterpretation Fundamental Attribution Error – attributing the actions of others to internal causes Actor-observer bias – we tend to see our own behaviors as externally motivated We observe people being influenced by their wants, motives and personality traits As actors we tend to find external explanations for our own behavior Ex. College major, not leaving a tip, and being late Deaux/Emswiller study (1974) Gender Attribution Error – males seen as skilled/females seen as lucky As early as kindergarten – boys take credit for success/girls discount their own performance

Exit Slip - Susan Boyle https://youtu.be/jca_p_3FcWA Explain the crowds reaction, as well as judges, based on actor/observer bias. 1. What internal causes did the audience place on Boyle’s behavior before performing? 2. Why was her behavior, before singing, attributed to external factors for her?

Extra vids… https://youtu.be/pw3FZ3xOBVo