The Periodic Table Organized Chaos.

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Presentation transcript:

The Periodic Table Organized Chaos

The Periodic Table Russian – youngest of 14 children First “periodic table” published in 1869 by Dmitri Mendeleev Arranged by atomic mass Left many blanks which were filled in after his death in 1907

Periodic Table (1869)

Periodic Table Mendeleev built on the work done by Antoine Lavoisier and Joseph Priestly (discoverer of oxygen)

History of the Periodic Table http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0RRVV4Diomg

The Periodic Table

Periodic Table METALS “The Stairs” NON-METALS Smaller atoms Larger atoms

Table Families UGLY METALS Noble gases Alkali metals Transition metals Alkaline Earth metals UGLY Halogens

Don’t forget METALLOIDS!

The Noble Gases Look at the rings of electrons in these elements. What do they have in common?

The Noble Gases They each have a full outer ring of electrons! Stable – do not react under normal conditions They have a full outer ring of electrons Have an ionic charge of 0

The Halogens First 4 elements of Group 7A Highly reactive non-metallic gases (F is most reactive element on the Periodic Table) Form salts with metals (Halogen is Greek for “salt former”) Have 7 outer (valence) electrons with room for 1 more (have an ionic charge of 1- ) Form compounds with themselves (diatomic)

The Halogens Room for 1 more

The Oxygen group O and S are most common Have 6 valence electrons Room for 2 more on last ring Has an ionic charge of 2 -

The Nitrogen group N and P are most common Have 5 valence electrons Room for 3 more on last ring Has an ionic charge of 3 -

The Carbon group C and Si are most common Have 4 valence electrons and room for 4 more Q: Is it easier to lose 4 electrons or gain 4 electrons? A: It depends on what carbon is mixing with Has an ionic charge of 4 – or 4+

The Alkaline Earth Metals Group 2 elements Called “Earths” because they remain solids when burned Have 2 valence electrons Want to lose 2 electrons (ionic charge is 2+)

The Alkali Metals Includes Hydrogen (not a metal) Elements in group are similar Each have 1 valence electron Highly reactive in water Combine with halogens to form ionic salts Let’s take a closer look at Na (sodium) Now let’s look at the rest…

The Alkali Metals Brainiac “Alkali metals”

Activity Do Puzzle from BLM 6.4-1