Generation of data products in the Norwegian and Barents Seas Ann Kristin Østrem Institute of Marine Research, Norway

Definition of the region MSFD regions not defined in this area Use ICES Ecoregions instead Included the Arctic Ocean, Greenland Sea and Icelandic Waters 7/12/2019 Final meeting, Madrid, 29-30 January 2019

Data overview – Eutrophication Deleted duplicates and ferrybox data outside region 220 875 profiles from 8 CDI partners/ 42 data originators Unrestricted: 220 031 profiles. Restricted: 844 profiles 7/12/2019 Final meeting, Madrid, 29-30 January 2019

Data overview - Eutrophication Variable Profiles CDIs Dissolved oxygen concentration 189 911 18 421 Dissolved oxygen saturation 1 151 Nitrate 26 291 26 291 Nitrate plus nitrite 311 Nitrite 26 134 Phosphate 35 800 Silicate 32 107 Ammonium 569 Chlorophyll-a 28 296 20 768 Phaeopigments 18 277 Total alkalinity 312 Dissolved inorganic carbon 105 Total phosphorus 34 Particulate organic carbon 40 pH 2 851 Particulate nitrogen 26 TOTAL 220 875 43 844 Partner (EDMO) Profiles CDIs IMR (612) 25 182 RIHMI-WDC (681) 11 897 IFREMER (486) 2 856 ICES (730) 1 413 BODC (43) 178 433 1 403 SOI (723) 844 PANGAEA (3234) 233 BSH-DOD (96) 17 16 TOTAL 220 875 43 844 7/12/2019 Final meeting, Madrid, 29-30 January 2019

QC of eutrophication data - typical errors Empty ODV files (only header, no data) Invalid P01/P06 codes Duplicate stations Zero values – below LOD/LOQ, or missing value?? Oxygen values 1/10 of normal (30 instead of 300), silicate 10 times higher than normal Very low nitrate values – probably nitrite CTD and ARGO data with many spikes Negative values Data with QF = 0 – no QC QF = 2 used for bad data In general: Few errors in ODV file format Data quality not always good, particularly for older data New region in Phase III; can’t compare data coverage or quality with Phase II 7/12/2019 Final meeting, Madrid, 29-30 January 2019

Data examples - Nitrate Negative values and many spikes in CTD data -9.98 and 0 used as missing value Very low values – probably nitrite Before QC: After QC: 7/12/2019 Final meeting, Madrid, 29-30 January 2019

Data examples - Silicate -9.98 and 0 used as missing value Values 10 times higher than the rest of the data Before QC: After QC: 7/12/2019 Final meeting, Madrid, 29-30 January 2019

DIVA settings and issues DIVA version 4.7.2 Data from Arctic region + overlapping data from North Sea 6-year periods: 1960-1965, 1961-1966, ... , 2012-2017 (Chl-a starts in 1980) IODE standard depths Phosphate, silicate, oxygen: 30 layers (0-3000 m) Chl-a: 14 layers (0-300 m) 4 seasons: Spring (March-May), summer (June-August), autumn (September-November) and winter (December-February) Problems using DIVA Spaces in file names (e.g. Water body dissolved oxygen concentration) NCDFinfo file: Too many characters in one line – 4D netCDF file not created Analysis with option 11 NaN in netCDF files for chlorophyll-a 7/12/2019 Final meeting, Madrid, 29-30 January 2019

Final meeting, Madrid, 29-30 January 2019 DIVA maps - Parameters DIVA maps created for all seasons for phosphate, silicate, oxygen and chlorophyll-a DIN: Only 37 profiles (where we have both nitrate and ammonium) -> not enough data for DIVA maps 7/12/2019 Final meeting, Madrid, 29-30 January 2019

DIVA maps – data distribution Distribution of data: Spring: Most data along the Norwegian coast and continental shelf Autumn: Most data in the Barents Sea (Ecosystem cruises) Winter: Most in Norwegian fjords (not chl-a) After 1990: No Russian data; IMR data in fixed transects Oxygen: No data in the Barents Sea No IMR data after 2008 A lot of glider data in summer – problems in DIVA DIVA gives too high values in fjords and in the White Sea 10x higher than the data values Very difficult to find one method for DIVA maps generation that works for all parameters for all seasons and years 7/12/2019 Final meeting, Madrid, 29-30 January 2019

DIVA maps – Chlorophyll-a distribution Large differences in data coverage from season to season: Spring Summer Autumn Winter 7/12/2019 Final meeting, Madrid, 29-30 January 2019

DIVA maps – Phosphate distribution Large differences in data coverage from year to year Less data after 1990 Winter – all years Autumn – all years Winter – 1990 -> Autumn – 2000 -> 7/12/2019 Final meeting, Madrid, 29-30 January 2019

DIVA maps – Some results Phosphate 1983-1988 – all seasons at 0 m:

DIVA maps – Some results Phosphate 1994-1999 – all seasons at 0 m:

DIVA maps – Some results Phosphate 2003-2008 – all seasons at 0 m: 7/12/2019

Contaminants in sediment 313 profiles 94 harmonized variables 7/12/2019 Final meeting, Madrid, 29-30 January 2019

Final meeting, Madrid, 29-30 January 2019 Contaminants in water 1013 profiles 25 harmonized variables 7/12/2019 Final meeting, Madrid, 29-30 January 2019