Proposed model of signalling pathways involved in RBC shrinkage and vesiculation Inhibition of the depicted kinases induces shrinkage and vesiculation.

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Proposed model of signalling pathways involved in RBC shrinkage and vesiculation Inhibition of the depicted kinases induces shrinkage and vesiculation in RBC. CaM antagonism causes ATP depletion and Ca2+ accumulation inside the cell. Proposed model of signalling pathways involved in RBC shrinkage and vesiculation Inhibition of the depicted kinases induces shrinkage and vesiculation in RBC. CaM antagonism causes ATP depletion and Ca2+ accumulation inside the cell. CK2 inhibition leads to down-modulation of CaM, which in turn activates the Gardos channel leading to K+ efflux and cell shrinkage. Inhibition of GPCR signalling (e.g. P2Y, β-AR) leads to cAMP increase inside the cell and ATP depletion. Elena B. Kostova et al. Biosci. Rep. 2015;35:e00187 ©2015 by Portland Press Ltd