State the Following Laws Boyles Law Charles Law Gay Lussacs Law Daltons Law Grahams Law

Drill: Calculate the volume at STP of CO 2 released when 23.4 g of aluminum carbonate is decomposed 75 % through heat

AP Test Changes No Choices in Problems Only 3 reactions with predicting products –Balance rxns –No choices –Explain rxns

Kinetic Theory

All matter is made up of tiny particles The particles are in constant motion All collisions are elastic

Pressure

Force per unit area Caused by collisions against a surface Gas measured in pressure

Units of Pressure kPa: kilopascal (Std Unit) Pascal: newton/sq. meter Atmosphere (Atm): mm Hg:

Standard Pressure kPa (to be changed) 1.00 Atm 760 mm Hg or Torrs 30.0 inches Hg 1013 millibars

Gas Laws

Boyles Law

The pressure & volume of a gas at constant temperature are inversely proportioned P 1 V 1 = P 2 V 2 = K

Charles Law

The volume and temperature of a gas at constant pressure are directly proportioned V 1 /T 1 = V 2 /T 2 = K

Guy Lussacs Law

The Pressure and temperature of a gas at constant volume are directly proportioned P 1 /T 1 = P 2 /T 2 = K

Combined Gas Law

Combination of the three formulas P 1 V 1 /T 1 = P 2 V 2 /T 2

Calculate the new volume of 5.0 L of gas when its pressure is doubled and its temperature is tripled:

Common Sense The volume of a gas is directly proportioned to the number of moles of gas V 1 /n 1 = V 2 /n 2 = K

New Combination P 1 V 1 /n 1 T 1 = P 2 V 2 /n 2 T 2 = K

Ideal Gas Law PV = nRT

Calculate the volume of 2.0 moles of gas at 77 o C under 83.1 kPa pressure.

Calculate the number of moles of gas occupying 831 mL under 250 kpa at 227 o C

Calculate the number of moles of gas occupying 831 mL under 80.0 kPa at 127 o C

Calculate the mass of CO 2 occupying 83.1 L under 25 GPa at 227 o C

Combined Gas Law PV = nRT

Related Formulas m V m/n D or = MW =

Calculate the molecular mass of 5.0 g of gas occupying 831 L under 250 Mpa at 227 o C

Calculate the density of carbon dioxide at 27 o C under 83.1 kPa pressure

Daltons Law

The total pressure = the sum of the partial pressures P T = P 1 + P 2 + etc

The total pressure of a system is kPa. The partial pressure of gas A is kPa. Determine the pressure of gas B

Grahams Law

The velocity of a particle is inversely proportioned to the square root of its mass v 1 /v 2 = M 2 / M 1

Drill: Calculate the ratio of the velocities of He gas to HCl gas:

Calculate the volume of a gas at STP when it occupies 80.0 mL at 127 o C under kPa pressure:

Drill:Calculate the volume of 4.0 moles of gas under 83.1 kPa pressure at 127 o C:

Calculate the mass of 831 mL of CO 2 at 27 o C under 150 kPa pressure:

Calculate the volume of a gas at STP when it occupies 80.0 mL at 127 o C under kPa pressure:

Calculate the volume of 4.0 moles of gas under 83.1 kPa pressure at 127 o C:

Calculate the molecular mass of 50 g of gas occupying 831 L under 250 MPa at 227 o C

Calculate the mass of 831 mL of CO 2 at 167 o C under 150 kPa pressure:

The total pressure of a system is kPa. The partial pressure of gas A is kPa. Determine the pressure of gas B

The total pressure of a system is kPa. The system contains 50 % A, 30 % B, & 20 % C. Determine the pressure of each gas.

Drill: Calculate the mass of CO 2 occupying 83.1 L under 25 MPa at 477 o C

Calculate the density of carbon dioxide at 27 o C under 83.1 kPa pressure

Calculate the ratio of the velocities of He gas to HCl gas:

Calculate the velocity HBr when the velocity Be is 270 m/s:

Calculate the final volume that 3.0 L of gas will obtain when the absolute temperature is tripled & the pressure is halved.

Calculate the mass of CO occupying 831 kL at 227 o C under 2.50 Mpa pressure.

Calculate the volume of H 2 formed at 27 o C under 150 kPa when 6.8 mg NH 3 decomposes making N 2 & H 2.