Case Study – Rio de Janero Key facts There are over 7.4 billion people on earth now It’s estimated that 108 billion people have lived throughout history (as of 2011). That means that approximately 6.5% of all the people that have ever lived are alive right now. Do we really have too many people in the world? Standing side by side, the entire world’s population would fit into 500 square miles (1,300 square kilometers) - which is less than the size of Los Angeles. Population Pyramids Knowledge Organiser Year 7 Population Case Study – Rio de Janero Rio de Janeiro is the most congested city in South America, but officials have worked hard to improve its transport system due to them having to host the 2014 FIFA World Cup and the 2016 Olympics, as well as due to its increasing population.. The Demographic Transitional Model Life Expectancy: the average number of years a person born in a particular country might be expected to live. Literacy Rate: the proportion of the total population able to read and write. Migrant: someone who moves from one place to another to live. Migration: movement of people. Natural Increase or Decrease: the difference between the birth rate and the death rate. Additional effects of migration are not included. Overpopulation: where there are too many people and not enough resources to support a satisfactory quality of life. Population Density: number of people per square kilometre. Population Pyramid: a graph which shows the age and sex structure of a place. Push Factors: these are certain things that make people want to leave a particular place. Eg. war Pull factors these are certain things that make people want to go to a particular place. Eg. better education Quality of Life: things (e.g. housing) that affect your standard of living. Refugees: Those who flee a country because of war or persecution. Water stress - when the demand for water exceeds the supply Sparsely Populated: an area that has few people living in it. Rural area - countryside, and sparsely populated. Away from the cities and towns Urban Area - city or town, densely populated, generally more industrialised. Ageing Population: In the population structure of many MEDCs there is often a high proportion of elderly people who have survived due to advances in nutrition and medical care. Birth Rate: The number of live births per 1000 people per year. Refugees: Those who flee a country because of war or persecution Death rate: the number of deaths per 1000 people per year. Demographic Transition Model: diagram which shows the relationship between birth and death rates and how changes in these affect the total population. Distribution (of a population): where people are found and where they are not found. Economic Migrant: person leaving her/his native country to seek better economic opportunities (jobs) and so settle temporarily in another country.