Victoria L. Hood, MSc, Malcolm H. Granat, PhD, Douglas J

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A new method of using heart rate to represent energy expenditure: The Total Heart Beat Index Victoria L. Hood, MSc, Malcolm H. Granat, PhD, Douglas J. Maxwell, BSc, John P. Hasler, MPhil Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 83, Issue 9, Pages 1266-1273 (September 2002) DOI: 10.1053/apmr.2002.34598 Copyright © 2002 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 A schematic of heart rate plotted against time during exercise: Area 1 represents the extra heartbeats required during exercise; areas 1+2, the total number of heartbeats during the exercise including the basal level. Area 3 represents the extra heartbeats that occur during the recovery phase; areas 3+4, the total heartbeats occurring during recovery. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2002 83, 1266-1273DOI: (10.1053/apmr.2002.34598) Copyright © 2002 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Typical heart rate and oxygen uptake profile for an unimpaired subject performing a 10-minute walking test. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2002 83, 1266-1273DOI: (10.1053/apmr.2002.34598) Copyright © 2002 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Typical heart rate and oxygen uptake profile for a unimpaired subject during the treadmill test. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2002 83, 1266-1273DOI: (10.1053/apmr.2002.34598) Copyright © 2002 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Measurements from steady-state trials of unimpaired subjects on 2 separate days plotted against each other. Oxygen consumption and the THBI show greatest linearity and therefore highest repeatability. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2002 83, 1266-1273DOI: (10.1053/apmr.2002.34598) Copyright © 2002 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 Heart rate and oxygen consumption for subject 3 walking with FES. Both parameters continue to rise throughout the walk. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2002 83, 1266-1273DOI: (10.1053/apmr.2002.34598) Copyright © 2002 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 The percentage change of V̇O2, oxygen cost, and THBI for each SCI subject, comparing wheelchair pushing and walking. * Oxygen consumption averaged over last 3 minutes of test. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2002 83, 1266-1273DOI: (10.1053/apmr.2002.34598) Copyright © 2002 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions