Bellringer 2/16/16 What was the date of the March on Washington? Who gave the final address to the crowd? What is the name of the speech he gave?

REMINDERS Complete and Turn in C-Notes: Historical Development of the Civil Rights Movement, parts 1 & 2 (last Thursday and Monday) Homework: Chapter 16, Lesson 2 & 3 Worksheet, due Thursday. Bellringer Journal due Wednesday. ALL LATE WORK DUE WEDNESDAY!!!

Civil Rights Movement Significant Leaders PowerPoint by Mr. Hataway La Vega High School Created 2/15/13 All images/photographs are from wiki commons. U.S. History Unit 10, Lesson 1 ©2012, TESCCC

Essential Question Why do you think the Civil Rights Movement made so main gains in post-WWII America?

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. (1929-1968) African-American concerned with gaining equal rights by using civil disobedience or non-violent action. Famous “I Have A Dream . . .” Speech. Assassinated April 4, 1968 in Memphis, Tennessee Organized Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955), Southern Christian Leadership Conference (1957), and March on Washington (1963) in support of Civil Rights Act (1964). MLK’s actions were instrumental in unifying African Americans nationally; passage of both Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965. Other minorities were inspired and continue to be inspired by his movement; internationally peaceful protests inspired by the C.R.M. ©2012, TESCCC

César Chávez (1924-1997) Mexican American Farm Workers (migrant workers). Improve conditions for migrant workers. Organized labor union. Led strikes and boycotts affecting California grape growers. Established the United Farm Workers Union, Its leader for 30 years. Instrumental in organizing migrant workers. Led peaceful protests through boycotts; co-founded United Farm Workers Union. Actions inspired other Latinos to become advocates for Latino rights. ©2012, TESCCC

Rosa Parks (1913-2005) African Americans. Active member of NAACP. Peaceful protest and advocate for equal rights. Arrested for refusal to give up seat on bus to white man. Actively led Montgomery Bus Boycott. Actions brought national attention to cause of African Americans. Led to U.S. Supreme Court ruling that segregation on city buses was unconstitutional. Other laws followed to bring equality to African Americans. Continues to inspire women. ©2012, TESCCC

Hector P. Garcia (1914-1996) Mexican American. World War II Veteran physician, Civil Rights Advocate for Mexican Americans. Organized the American G.I. Forum (1948) which allowed Latino membership. Improved veteran benefits and medical needs. Advocated for education, vocational training, ending poll taxes, voter registration, etc. Organized movement to help Latino WWII veterans. Named alternate Ambassador U.S. delegation to the UN by LBJ. Latinos continue to benefit from the American G.I. Forum. ©2012, TESCCC

Betty Friedan (1921-2006) Women’s Rights. Journalist. Activist. Co-founder of the National Organization of Women (1966). Wrote the book, The Feminine Mystique which inspired women to leave traditional roles and seek new opportunities in education, the workplace, and leadership. Instrumental in push for equal rights legislation and attempt to amend the Constitution (ERA). Part of the movement that led to women’s legislation (Title IX). ©2012, TESCCC

George Wallace (1919-1998) Governor of Alabama (1963–1967, 1971–1979 and 1983–1987); Pro-Segregation policies. Against policies of integration. Against the Civil Rights Movement. Advocated defeat of legislation that would lead to integration of African Americans. In 1982 he offered a public apology for his stance on segregation. ©2012, TESCCC

Orval Faubus (1910-1994) Governor of Arkansas; for segregation of African Americans. Ordered Arkansas National Guard to stop African American students from entering Little Rock High School (1957). President Eisenhower sent U.S. troops (101st Airborne) to enforce integration. Advocated defeat of legislation that would integrate African Americans. The Civil Rights Movement and federal laws that supported the minority vote prompted a realignment of the political parties nationally. ©2012, TESCCC

Lester Maddox (1915-2003) Governor of Georgia (1967-71); Segregationist Against laws that supported integration of African Americans. As the owner of a restaurant, he refused to serve African Americans. Advocated defeat of legislation that would integrate African Americans. The Civil Rights Movement and federal laws that supported the minority vote prompted a realignment of the political parties nationally. ©2012, TESCCC

Thurgood Marshall (1908-1993) African Americans. Distinguished lawyer. Argued Brown v. Board case before the U.S. Supreme Court and won. Appointed by LBJ to the U.S. Supreme Court (1967). Served 1967 to 1991) First African American to serve on the Supreme Court. Ruling in the Brown v. Board case made segregation unconstitutional. As a U.S. Supreme Court justice, his decisions on multiple cases continue to affect contemporary America. ©2012, TESCCC

Eleanor Roosevelt (1884-1962) Women’s Rights. Advocate for women’s rights prior to becoming First Lady (FDR) and after. Appointed by President Truman as delegate to the United Nations General Assembly and became the first chairperson of the preliminary United Nations Commission on Human Rights. She was an advocate for women’s rights nationally and internationally. Continues to be role model for many women. ©2012, TESCCC

Dolores Huerta (b.1930) Mexican Americans. Farm workers (migrant workers). Improved conditions for the migrant workers. Organized labor union. Led strikes and boycotts affecting California grape growers. She continues to help improve the lives of women, workers, and immigrants. She organized migrant workers and led peaceful protests through boycotts; co- founded the United Farm Workers Union; brought national attention to the rights of Mexican Americans. She remains an activist for immigrants, migrants, women’s rights and other causes. (She is 85) ©2012, TESCCC