The Cell Chapters 6,7,11&12.

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Presentation transcript:

The Cell Chapters 6,7,11&12

Features of all cells Plasma membrane Nucleoid or nucleus Cytoplasm Transport proteins Receptor proteins Markers Nucleoid or nucleus Cytoplasm

Cell size

Cell type

Eukaryotes Plasma membrane Nucleus Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi bodies Lysosomes Mitochondria Cytoskeleton Centrioles Peroxisomes

Plant cells

Endosymbiosis Eukaryotic organelles evolved Mitochondria and chloroplasts

Cell membrane Plasma membrane Phospholipids Transmembrane proteins Interior protein network Cell surface markers

Cell membrane

Cell membrane

Proteins

Movement across membrane 1. Passive transport Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated diffusion (carriers) 2. Bulk transport Exocytosis Endocytosis 3. 3. Active transport Requires energy Na-K pump

Solutions Hypertonic Hypotonic Isotonic Hyperosmotic Hypoosmotic Isosmotic Osmoregulation is the control of water balance

Cell communication Types of cell signaling 1. Direct contact 2. Paracrine Short lived signals Chemicals extracellular fluid 3. Endocrine blood stream hormones 4. Synaptic Neurotransmitters

Intracellular response Second messengers Relay messages from receptor to target cells Two examples Cyclic AMP (cAMP) & Calcium ions

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